Skip to main content

Embodied Boundaries of Historical Studies of Science: A Vision of Steven Shapin’s Historiography

  • Living reference work entry
  • Latest version View entry history
  • First Online:
Handbook for the Historiography of Science

Abstract

Our work aims to analyze the way in which Steven Shapin rewrites the past of scientific practices while assuming both the artifactual character of scientific knowledge and of all historical narrative. Shapin’s historiographical perspective is an attempt to displace the boundaries of scientific practice established by traditional historiography. These displacements entail a commitment to the central theses of meaning finitism, postulated by the Strong Program of the sociology of scientific knowledge. We will focus on the examination of these theses and their implications for the Shapinian history of science. We will examine, on the one hand, what Shapin calls “lowering the tone in history” and, on the other, the centrality of the preconditions of knowledge – the place of knowledge, the body, and the credibility of true searchers – as topics of embodied science. Finally, we will analyze the exemplary case of the experimental philosophy of the English seventeenth century in order to show the way in which Shapin links the logic of finitism with the preconditions of knowledge in his approach to a fundamental theme in his work: the boundaries of scientific practice.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Austin J (1962) How to do things with words. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnes B (1981) On the conventional character of knowledge and cognition. Philos Soc Sci 11(3):303–333

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes B (1982a) T. S. Kuhn and the social science. The Macmillan Press, London

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes B (1982b) On the extensions of concepts and the growth of knowledge. Soc Rev 30:23–44

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barnes B (1987) Concept application as social activity. Crítica: Revista Hispanoamericana de Filosofia 19(56):19–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnes B, Bloor D (1982) Relativism, rationalism and the sociology of knowledge. In: Hollis M, Lukes S (eds) Rationality and relativism. Basil Blackwell Publishers/MIT Press, London/Cambridge

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnes B, Shapin S (eds) (1979) Natural order: historical studies of scientific culture. Sage, Beverly Hills/London

    Google Scholar 

  • Barnes B, Bloor D, Henry J (1996) Scientific knowledge: a sociological analysis. Chicago University Press, Athlone/Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • Bloor D (1982) Durkheim and Mauss revisited: classification and the sociology of knowledge. Stud Hist Phil Sci 13(4):267–297

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bloor D (1996) Idealism and the sociology of knowledge. Soc Stud Sci 26(4):839–856

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bloor D (1997) Wittgenstein, rules, and institutions. Routledge, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Domańska E (2021) Prefigurative humanities. Hist Theory 60(4):141–158

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Douglas M (1970) Natural symbols. Explorations in cosmology. Pantheon Books, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Goffman E (1959) The presentation of self in everyday life. Doubleday, New York

    Google Scholar 

  • Golinski J (2005) Making natural knowledge. Constructivism and the history of science. The Chicago University Press, Chicago

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Kusch M (2002) Knowledge by agreement: the programme of communitarian epistemology. Oxford University Press, Oxford

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Merton R (1938) Science, technology and society in seventeenth-century England. Osiris 4(2):360–632

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ophir A, Shapin S (1991) The place of knowledge: a methodological survey. Sci Context 4(1):3–21

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rheinberger H-J (1994) Experimental system: historiality, narration, and deconstruction. Sci Context 7(1):65–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Richardson AW (2000) Science as will and representation: Carnap, Reichenbach, and the sociology of science. In: Philosophy of science, vol. 67, Supplement. Proceedings of the 1998 Biennial meetings of the Philosophy of Science Association. Part II: Symposia Papers, pp S151–S162

    Google Scholar 

  • Sarton G (1923) Knowledge and charity. Isis 5(1):5–19

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (1985) What is the history of science? Hist Today xxxv:50–51

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (1988a) The house of experiment in seventeenth-century England. Isis lxxix:373–404

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (1988b) Understanding the Merton thesis. Isis lxxix:594–605

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (1992) Discipline and bounding: the history and sociology of science as seen through the externalism-internalism debate. Hist Sci 30:333–369

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (1994) A social history of truth. Chicago University Press, Chicago

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (1995) Cordelia’s love: credibility and the social studies of science. Perspect Sci 3:255–275

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (1998a) Placing the view from nowhere: historical and sociological problems in the location of science. Trans Inst Br Geogr xxiii:5–12

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (1998b) The philosopher and the chicken: on the dietetics of disembodied knowledge. In: Shapin S, Lawrence C (eds) Science incarnate: historical embodiments of natural knowledge. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, pp 21–50

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (1999) Rarely pure and never simple: talking about truth. Configurations 7(1):1–14

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (2003) How to eat like a gentleman: dietetics and ethics in early modern England. In: Rosenberg Right C (ed) Living: an Anglo-American tradition of self-help medicine and hygiene. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD, pp 21–58

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (2008) The scientific life. Chicago University Press, Chicago

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (2010) Never pure: historical studies of science as if it was produced by people with bodies, situated in time, space, culture, and society, and struggling for credibility and authority. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, MD

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S (2015) Kuhn’s structure: a moment in modern naturalism. In: Devlin WJ, Bokulich A (eds) Kuhn’s structure of scientific revolutions – 50 years on. Boston studies in the philosophy and history of science, vol 311, pp 11–21

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S, Lawrence C (eds) (1998) Science incarnate: historical embodiments of natural knowledge. University of Chicago Press, Chicago

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S, Schaffer S (1985) Leviathan and the air-pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the experimental life. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapin S, Schaffer S (2011) Up for air: leviathan and the air-pump a generation on. Introduction to new edition of leviathan and the air-pump: Hobbes, Boyle, and the experimental life. Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, pp xi–l

    Google Scholar 

  • Tozzi Thompson V (2021) Narrativism. In: van den Akker CM (ed) The Routledge companion to historical theory. Routledge, pp 113–128

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • White H (1973) Metahistory. The historical imagination in nineteenth-century Europe. The Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore

    Google Scholar 

  • White H (1987) The value of Narrativity in the representation of reality. In: White H (ed) The content of the form: narrative discourse and historical representation. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore/London, pp 1–25

    Google Scholar 

  • White H (1999a) Auerbach’s literary history. Figural causation and modernist historicism. In: White H (ed) Figural realism: studies in the mimesis effect. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, pp 87–100

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • White H (1999b) Posmodernism and textual anxieties. In: Stråth B, Witoszek N (eds) The postmodern challenge: perspectives east and west. Radopi, Amsterdam, pp 27–46

    Google Scholar 

  • Wittgenstein L (1968) Philosophical investigations. Blackwell Publishers, Oxford

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to María de los Ángeles Martini .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2023 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this entry

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this entry

Martini, M.d.l.Á. (2023). Embodied Boundaries of Historical Studies of Science: A Vision of Steven Shapin’s Historiography. In: Condé, M.L., Salomon, M. (eds) Handbook for the Historiography of Science. Historiographies of Science. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99498-3_9-2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99498-3_9-2

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-030-99498-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-030-99498-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference Humanities, Soc. Sciences and Law

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Chapter history

  1. Latest

    Embodied Boundaries of Historical Studies of Science: A Vision of Steven Shapin’s Historiography
    Published:
    26 July 2023

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99498-3_9-2

  2. Original

    Embodied Boundaries of Historical Studies of Science: A Vision of Steven Shapin’s Historiography
    Published:
    13 July 2023

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99498-3_9-1