Skip to main content

Selected Problems of Infancy and Childhood

Family Medicine
  • 1438 Accesses

Abstract

The 1st year of life is marked by the highest rate of growth and development. The brain doubles in size in the 1st year of life and increases in size by another 15 % in the 2nd year. Developmental skills are acquired at a very high rate in infancy so that even minor disruptions in development at this stage can have serious long-term implications [1]. The goal of developmental surveillance in infancy is early identification of any deviations or disruptions to the normal growth and developmental trajectories. Identification should then lead to developmental and medical evaluation. Early intervention in children has been shown to improve functional outcomes for children with developmental delays [2].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Knickmeyer RC, Gouttard S, Kang C, Evans D, Wilber K, Smith JK, et al. A structural MRI study of human brain development from birth to 2 years. J Neurosci Off J Soc Neurosci. 2008;28(47):12176–82.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Casto G, Mastropieri MA. The efficacy of early intervention programs: a meta-analysis. Except Child. 1986;52(5):417–24.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. The Bright Futures Steering Committee. Identifying infants and young children with developmental disorders in the medical home: an algorithm for developmental surveillance and screening. Pediatrics. 2006;118(1):405–20.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Pulsifer MB, Hoon AH, Palmer FB, Gopalan R, Capute AJ. Maternal estimates of developmental age in preschool children. J Pediatr. 1994;125(1):S18–24.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Glascoe FP. Parents’ evaluation of developmental status: how well do parents’ concerns identify children with behavioral and emotional problems? Clin Pediatr (Phila). 2003;42(2):133–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Gerber RJ, Wilks T, Erdie-Lalena C. Developmental milestones: motor development. Pediatr Rev Am Acad Pediatr. 2010;31(7):267–76; quiz 277.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. USPSTF. Speech and language delay and disorders in children age 5 and younger: screening [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2015 Sep 29]. Available from: http://www.uspreventiveservicestaskforce.org/Page/Document/UpdateSummaryFinal/speech-and-language-delay-and-disorders-in-children-age-5-and-younger-screening?ds=1%26s=speech%20and%20language

  8. Guevara JP, Gerdes M, Localio R, Huang YV, Pinto-Martin J, Minkovitz CS, et al. Effectiveness of developmental screening in an urban setting. Pediatrics. 2013;131(1):30–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. McCabe ERB, Carrino GE, Russell RB, Howse JL. Fighting for the next generation: US Prematurity in 2030. Pediatrics. 2014;134(6):1193–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Fluss J, Kern I, de Coulon G, Gonzalez E, Chehade H. Vitamin D deficiency: a forgotten treatable cause of motor delay and proximal myopathy. Brain Dev. 2014;36(1):84–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Noritz GH, Murphy NA. Motor delays: early identification and evaluation. Pediatrics. 2013;131(6):e2016–27.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Thompson MW, Murphy EG, McAlpine PJ. An assessment of the creatine kinase test in the detection of carriers of Duchenne muscular dystrophy. J Pediatr. 1967;71(1):82–93.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Piek JP, Dawson L, Smith LM, Gasson N. The role of early fine and gross motor development on later motor and cognitive ability. Hum Mov Sci. 2008;27(5):668–81.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Pennington BF, Bishop DVM. Relations among speech, language, and reading disorders. Annu Rev Psychol. 2009;60:283–306.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Moeschler JB, Shevell M. Comprehensive evaluation of the child with intellectual disability or global developmental delays. Pediatrics. 2014;134(3):e903–18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Hale KJ. Oral health risk assessment timing and establishment of the dental home. Pediatrics. 2003;111(5 Pt 1):1113–6.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Gewitz MH, Baltimore RS, Tani LY, Sable CA, Shulman ST, Carapetis J, et al. Revision of the Jones Criteria for the diagnosis of acute rheumatic fever in the era of Doppler echocardiography: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2015;131(20):1806–18.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Swedo SE, Leonard HL, Garvey M, Mittleman B, Allen AJ, Perlmutter S, et al. Pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections: clinical description of the first 50 cases. Am J Psychiatry. 1998;155(2):264–71.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Swedo SE, Leonard HL, Rapoport JL. The pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infection (PANDAS) subgroup: separating fact from fiction. Pediatrics. 2004;113(4):907–11.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Wengrovitz AM, Brown MJ. Recommendations for blood lead screening of Medicaid-eligible children aged 1–5 years: an updated approach to targeting a group at high risk. MMWR Recomm Rep. 2009;58(RR-9):1–11.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. American Academy of Pediatrics Committee on Environmental Health. Lead exposure in children: prevention, detection, and management. Pediatrics. 2005;116(4):1036–46.

    Google Scholar 

  22. CDC C for DC and P. Managing elevated blood lead levels among young children: recommendations from the advisory committee on childhood lead poisoning prevention [Internet]. 2002. [Cited 29 Sep 2014] Available from: http://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/casemanagement/casemanage_main.htm

  23. Laborde A. New roles for poison control centres in the developing countries. Toxicology. 2004;198(1–3):273–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Laeth Nasir .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2015 Springer International Publishing Switzerland

About this entry

Cite this entry

Nasir, L., Nasir, A. (2015). Selected Problems of Infancy and Childhood. In: Paulman, P., Taylor, R. (eds) Family Medicine. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0779-3_21-1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0779-3_21-1

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-0779-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Reference MedicineReference Module Medicine

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Chapter history

  1. Latest

    Selected Problems of Infancy and Childhood
    Published:
    10 September 2020

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0779-3_21-2

  2. Original

    Selected Problems of Infancy and Childhood
    Published:
    27 October 2015

    DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0779-3_21-1