Historical Background
The history of autism in Norway is not very well documented. However, we know that the first diagnosis using the term autism was put during the 1950s, as a result of Leo Kanner’s seminal work in the early 1940s (Kanner 1943). During the 1950s and 1960s, most individuals diagnosed with autism were institutionalized in centralized institutions, so-called institutions for “the mentally retarded” together with other disabled and impaired individuals. The National Competence Program for Autism released an article in 1997, which dealt with the life span and quality of life for ten of the first diagnosed individuals in Norway (Solbakken 1997). At that time, the individuals were in their late 40s, and the parents which were interviewed were in their elderly days. The general commonalities reported for the cases comprised institutionalizing, few resources, lack of individual facilitation, abuse, and malpractice during the 1950s, 1960s, and parts of the 1970s. Normally the...
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Oien, R. (2014). Norway and Autism. In: Volkmar, F. (eds) Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6435-8_102106-1
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