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Nucleosynthesis in Hypernovae Associated with Gamma Ray Bursts

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Handbook of Supernovae

Abstract

We present nucleosynthesis in very energetic hypernovae, whose kinetic energy (KE) is more than 10 times the KE of normal core-collapse supernovae (SNe). The light curve and spectra fitting of individual SN are used to estimate the mass of the progenitor, explosion energy, and produced56Ni mass. Comparison with the abundance patterns of extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars has made it possible to determine the model parameters of core-collapse SNe. Nucleosynthesis in hypernovae is characterized by larger abundance ratios (Zn, Co, V, Ti)/Fe and smaller (Mn, Cr)/Fe than normal SNe, which can explain the observed trends of these ratios in EMP stars. Hypernovae are also jet-induced explosions, so that their nucleosynthesis yields can well reproduce the large C/Fe ratio observed in carbon-enhanced metal-poor (CEMP) stars if a small fraction of Fe-peak elements is mixed into the C-rich ejecta in the form of a jet while the bulk of Fe undergoes fallback from equatorial direction (faint supernovae/hypernovae).

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Acknowledgements

This work has been supported in part by Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research (JP26400222, JP16H02168, JP17K05382) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science and by the WPI Initiative, MEXT, Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (WPI), The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Japan

    Ken’ichi Nomoto

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  1. Ken’ichi Nomoto
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Correspondence to Ken’ichi Nomoto .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of London Observatory, Mill Hill, United Kingdom

    Athem W. Alsabti

  2. Cambridge, United Kingdom

    Paul Murdin

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Nomoto, K. (2017). Nucleosynthesis in Hypernovae Associated with Gamma Ray Bursts. In: Alsabti, A., Murdin, P. (eds) Handbook of Supernovae. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20794-0_86-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-20794-0_86-1

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  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-20794-0

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