Skip to main content

Reconstitution and Analysis of Hyperacetylated Chromatin

  • Protocol
Chromatin Protocols

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology™ ((MIMB,volume 119))

  • 2047 Accesses

Abstract

Specific acetylation at conserved lysines in the N-terminal tails of histones have been correlated with distinct chromatin structures, association of specific chromatin proteins, accessibility of nucleosomal DNA toward interaction of transcription factors, and unfolded chromatin with increased transcription potential (15). Global histone acetylation prevents the folding of the nucleosomal fiber into higher order structures (6). Despite these correlations, the molecular principles governing molecular heterogeneity of chromatin structure and its implications for processes that require a DNA substrate are only poorly understood. But the close correlation between histone acetylation and gene activity suggests a contribution of histone acetylation (24).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Mizzen, C. A. and Allis, C. D. (1998) Linking histone acetylation to transcriptional regulation. Cell. Mol. Life Sci. 54, 6–20.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Bone, J. R., Lavender, J., Richman, R., Palmer, M. J., Turner, B. M., and Kuroda, M. I. (1994) Acetylated histone H4 on the male X chromosome is associated with dosage compensation in Drosophila. Genes Dev. 8, 96–104.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Hebbes, T. R., Clayton, A. L., Thorne, A. W., and Crane-Robinson, C. (1994) Core histone acetylation co-maps with generalized DNase I sensitivity in the chicken b-globin chromosomal domain. EMBO J. 13, 1823–1830.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Turner, B. M. and O’Neill, L. P. (1995) Histone acetylation in chromatin and chromosomes. Sem. Cell Biol. 6, 229–236.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Vettese-Dadey, M., Grant, P. A., Hebbes, T. R., Crane-Robinsom, C., Allis, C. D., and Workman, J. L. (1996) Acetylation of histone H4 plays a primary role in enhancing transcription factor binding to nucleosomal DNA in vitro. EMBO J. 15, 2508–2518.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Garcia-Ramirez, M., Rocchini, C., and Ausio, J. (1995) Modulation of chromatin folding by histone acetylation. J. Biol. Chem. 270, 17,923–17,928.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Shewmaker, C. K., Cohen, B. N., and Wagner, T. E. (1978) Chemically induced gene activation: selective increase in DNase I susceptibility in chromatin acetylated with acetyl adenylate. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 84, 437–445.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Becker, P. B. and Wu, C. (1992) Cell-free system for assembly of transcriptionally repressed chromatin from Drosophila embryos. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 2241–2249.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Becker, P. B., Tsukiyama, T., and Wu, C. (1994) Chromatin assembly extracts from Drosophila embryos. Methods Cell Biol. 44, 207–223.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Sandaltzopoulos, R., Blank, T., and Becker, P. B. (1994) Transcriptional repression by nucleosomes but not H1 in reconstituted preblastoderm Drosophila chromatin. EMBO J. 13, 373–379.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Varga-Weisz, P. D., Blank, T. A., and Becker, P. B. (1995) Energy-dependent chromatin accessibility and nucleosome mobility in a cell-free system. EMBO J. 14, 209–2216.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Krajewski, W. A. and Becker, P. B. (1998) Reconstitution of hyperacetylated, DNase I-sensitive chromatin characterised by high conformational flexibility of nucleosomal DNA. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 95, 1540–1545.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kamakaka, R. T., Bulger, M., and Kadonaga, J. T. (1993) Potentiation of RNA polymerase II transcription by Gal4-VP16 during but not after DNA replication. Genes Dev. 7, 1779–1795.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Yoshida, M., Horinouchi, S., and Beppu, T. (1995) Trichostatin A and trapoxin: novel chemicalprobes for the role of histoen acetylation in chromatin structure and function. BioEssays 17, 423–430.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Krajewski, W. A. and Luchnik, A. N. (1991) Relationship of histone acetylation to DNA topology and transcription. Mol. Gen. Genet. 230, 442–448.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Blank, T. A. and Becker, P. B. (1995) Electrostatic mechanism of nucleosome spacing. J. Mol. Biol. 252, 305–313.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Sinden, R.R., J.O.,C., and Pettijohn, D.E. (1980) Torsional tension in the DNA double helix measured with trimethylpsoralen in living E. coli cells: analogous measurements in insects and human cells. Cell 21, 773–783.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Nightingale, K. P., Wellinger, R. E., Sogo, J. M., and Becker, P. B. (1998) Histone acetylation facilitates RNA polymerase II transcription of the Drosophila hsp 26 gene in chromatin. EMBO J. 17, 2865–2876.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Humana Press Inc.

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Krajewski, W.A., Becker, P.B. (1999). Reconstitution and Analysis of Hyperacetylated Chromatin. In: Becker, P.B. (eds) Chromatin Protocols. Methods in Molecular Biology™, vol 119. Humana Press. https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-681-9:207

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1385/1-59259-681-9:207

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-89603-665-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-59259-681-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics