Abstract
Determining when a barley plant starts and finishes meiosis is not trivial as when the spikelets undergo meiosis, the spike is not visible as it is still well within the leaf sheath on the developing tiller. This is a general constraint for any experiment involving meiosis, such as cytology, RNA extractions, or abiotic stress treatments aiming to target such a developmental stage. The lack of synchronicity between barley tillers within the same plant exacerbates the difficulty to determine the overall meiotic stage of a plant at a certain time.
Given the lack of a nondestructive staging system for predicting the entry into meiosis and the problems of working with large pot plant systems, a modular plant growing is proposed. This system enables the growth of a high number of plants in a small surface, each producing a single tiller. The modular tray system was used to generate a nondestructive prediction tool for meiosis by using external morphological features. As an example, the system is used here for heat treating F1 plants in early meiosis stages to modify recombination.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Zadoks J, Chang T, Konzak C (1974) A decimal growth code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Res 14:415–421
Tottman DR, Makepeace RJ, Broad H (1987) An explanation of the decimal code for the growth stages of cereals, with illustrations. Ann Appl Biol 110:441–454
Waddington SR, Cartwright PM, Wall PC (1983) A quantitative scale of spike initial and pistil development in barley and wheat. Ann Bot 51:119–130
Gómez JF, Z a W (2012) Non-destructive staging of barley reproductive development for molecular analysis based upon external morphology. J Exp Bot 63:4085–4094
Tracy SR, Gómez JF, Sturrock CJ et al (2017) Non-destructive determination of floral staging in cereals using X-ray micro computed tomography (μCT). Plant Methods 13:9
Watson A, Ghosh S, Williams MJ et al (2018) Speed breeding is a powerful tool to accelerate crop research and breeding. Nat Plants 4:23–29
Ghosh S, Watson A, Gonzalez-Navarro OE et al (2018) Speed breeding in growth chambers and glasshouses for crop breeding and model plant research. bioRxiv 2018:369512
Chaudhari AK, Chaudhary BR (2012) Meiotic chromosome behaviour and karyomorphology of Aloe vera (L.) Burm. f. Chromosom Bot 7:23–29
Comadran J, Kilian B, Russell J et al (2012) Natural variation in a homolog of antirrhinum CENTRORADIALIS contributed to spring growth habit and environmental adaptation in cultivated barley. Nat Genet 44:1388–1392
Lorieux M (2012) MapDisto: fast and efficient computation of genetic linkage maps. Mol Breed 30:1231–1235
Phillips D, Jenkins G, Macaulay M, et al (2015) The effect of temperature on the male and female recombination landscape of barley. New Phytol 208:421–429
Mascher M, Gundlach H, Himmelbach A et al (2017) A chromosome conformation capture ordered sequence of the barley genome. Nat Publ Gr 544:1–43
Acknowledgments
The author would like to acknowledge Jim McNicol and BioSS for their advice and helpful discussions on the staging data and Ed Byrne and KWS-UK for their advice and collaboration in the COMREC network. This research was funded by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7-PEOPLE-2013-ITN COMREC- 606956. I.C. was funded by the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme FP7/2007–2013 under grant agreement n° 222883 MeioSys and by ERC advanced grant “Shuffle” (Project ID: 669182). L.R. and R.W. were funded from the Scottish Government’s Rural and Environment Science and Analytical Services Division Theme 2 Work Program 2.1.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2020 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Arrieta, M., Colas, I., Macaulay, M., Waugh, R., Ramsay, L. (2020). A Modular Tray Growth System for Barley. In: Pradillo, M., Heckmann, S. (eds) Plant Meiosis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2061. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9818-0_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9818-0_26
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-9817-3
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-9818-0
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols