Abstract
Light transmittance aggregometry is the historical reference method for platelet function testing and continues to be used extensively. Whole blood impedance lumiaggregometry represents an updated methodology that provides for simplified specimen management, an assay milieu that replicates in vivo platelet activation conditions, improved reproducibility, and near-patient testing. While the impedance-based whole blood aggregometer with luminescence channel is becoming the standard for platelet function testing using this methodology, at least three near-patient whole blood instruments are available, each employing its unique technology. We provide descriptions of whole blood lumiaggregometry and three near-patient systems. We include the principle of operation, materials, and stepwise example protocols and speculate on the importance of concordance among the platforms.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Kitchens CS (2013) Purpura and other hematovascular disorders. In: Kitchens CS, Kessler CM, Konkle BA (eds) Consultative hemostasis and thrombosis, 3rd edn. Elsevier, St. Louis
Kessler CM (2013) A systematic approach to the bleeding patient: correlation of clinical symptoms and signs with laboratory testing. In: Kitchens CS, Kessler CM, Konkle BA (eds) Consultative hemostasis and thrombosis, 3rd edn. Elsevier, St. Louis
O’Malley BA (2015) Disorders of primary hemostasis. In: McKenzie SB, Williams JL (eds) Clinical laboratory hematology, 3rd edn. Pearson, Boston
Gross L, Aradi D, Sibbing D (2016) Platelet function testing in patients on antiplatelet medications. Semin Thromb Hemost 42:306–320
Leunissen TC, Janssen PW, Ten Berg JM et al (2016) The use of platelet reactivity testing in patients on antiplatelet therapy for prediction of bleeding events after cardiac surgery. Vasc Pharmacol 77:19–27
Kuter DJ (2013) General aspects of thrombocytopenia, platelet transfusions, and thrombopoietic growth factors. In: Kitchens CS, Kessler CM, Konkle BA (eds) Consultative hemostasis and thrombosis, 3rd edn. Elsevier, St. Louis
Brace LD (2016) Thrombocytopenia and thrombocytosis. In: Keohane EM, Smith LJ, Walenga JM (eds) Rodak’s hematology, clinical principles and applications, 5th edn. Elsevier, St. Louis
Brace LD (2016) Qualitative disorders of platelets. In: Keohane EM, Smith LJ, Walenga JM (eds) Rodak’s hematology, clinical principles and applications, 5th edn. Elsevier, St. Louis
Favaloro EJ (2011) Thrombocytopenic platelet disorders. Semin Thromb Hemost 37:615–616
Born GV, Haslam RJ, Goldman M (1965) Comparative effectiveness of adenosine analogues as inhibitors of blood-platelet aggregation and as vasodilators in man. Nature 205:678–680
Favaloro EJ, Lippi G, Franchini M (2010) Contemporary platelet function testing. Clin Chem Lab Med 48:579–598
Hayward CP, Favaloro EJ (2009) Diagnostic evaluation of platelet disorders: the past, the present, and the future. Semin Thromb Hemost 35:127–130
McGlasson DL, Estelle S, Hillman-Wiseman C (2015) Hemostasis: laboratory testing and instrumentation. In: McKenzie SB, Williams JL (eds) Clinical laboratory hematology, 3rd edn. Pearson, Boston
Favaloro EJ (2011) More on preanalytical variables affecting platelet function testing using light transmittance aggregometry. Clin Chem Lab Med 49:737–739
Chrono-Log Model 700 Operator Manual (5/29/2008). Chrono-Log Model 700 2 or 4 channel whole blood/optical lumi-aggregation systems. Chrono-Log Corp., Havertown, PA.
(2015) Package insert: chrono-par and chrono-lume reagents for platelet function testing and secretion studies in whole blood and platelet rich plasma. Chrono-Log Corporation, Havertown
Favaloro EJ (2008) Phenotypic identification of platelet-type von Willebrand disease and its discrimination from type 2B von Willebrand disease: a question of 2B or not 2B? A story of nonidentical twins—or two sides of a multidenominational or multifaceted primary-hemostasis coin? Semin Thromb Hemost 34:113–127
Sibbing D, Braun B, Jawansky S et al (2008) Assessment of ADP-induced platelet aggregation with light transmission aggregometry and multiple electrode platelet aggregometry before and after clopidogrel treatment. Thromb Haemost 99:121–126
Toth O, Dalatzis A, Penz S et al (2006) Multiple electrode aggregometry: a new device to measure platelet aggregation in whole blood. Thromb Haemost 96:781–788
Peerschke EI, Castellone DD, Stroobants AK, Francis J (2014) Reference range determination for whole-blood platelet aggregation using the Multiplate analyzer. Am J Clin Pathol 142:647–656
Kalb ML, Potura L, Scharbert G, Kozek-Langenecker SA (2009) The effect of ex vivo anticoagulants on whole blood platelet aggregation. Platelets 20:7–11
Kratzer MA, Negrescu EV, Hirai A et al (1995) The Thrombostat system. A useful method to test antiplatelet drugs and diets Semin Thromb Hemost 21(Suppl 2):25–31
Favaloro EJ (2008) Clinical utility of the PFA-100. Semin Thromb Hemost 34:709–733
Karger R, Donner-Banzhoff N, Muller HH et al (2007) Diagnostic performance of the platelet function analyzer (PFA-100) for the detection of disorders of primary haemostasis in patients with a bleeding history—a systematic review and meta-analysis. Platelets 18:249–260
Paniccia R, Priora R, Liotta AA, Abbate R (2015) Platelet function tests: a comparative review. Vasc Health Risk Manag 11:133–148
Gajda SN, Koltowski L, Tomaniak M (2015) Most recent evidence behind aggregometry and genotyping methods as platelet function testing for tailored anti-platelet treatment among PCI patients. Adv Clin Exp Med 24:687–693
Suzuki H, Packham MA, Kinlough-Rathbone RL (1995) Effects of thrombin and the thrombin receptor activating peptide, SFLLRN, on redistribution of platelet alpha-granule contents are similar and independent of the extent of thromboxane formation. Exp Mol Pathol 62:63–72
Sweeney JD, Hoernig LA, Michnik A, Fitzpatrick JE (1989) Whole blood aggregometry: influence of sample collection and delay in study performance on test results. Am J Clin Pathol 92:676–679
Sweeney JD, Labuzetta JW, Fitzpatrick JE (1988) The effect of the platelet count on the aggregation response and adenosine triphosphate release in an impedance lumi-aggregometer. Am J Clin Pathol 89:655–659
Dyskiewicz-Korpanty MD, Frenkel EP, Sarode R (2005) Approach to the assessment of platelet function: comparison between optical-based platelet-rich plasma and impedance-based whole blood platelet aggregation methods. Clin Appl Thrombos Hemostas 11:25–35
Lippi G, Ippolito L, Zobbi V, Sandei F, Favaloro EJ (2011) Sample collection and platelet function testing: influence of vacuum or aspiration principle on PFA-100 test results. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 24:666–669
Wannhoff A, Müller OJ, Friedrich K et al (2014) Effects of increased von Willebrand factor levels on primary hemostasis in thrombocytopenic patients with liver cirrhosis. PLoS One 9(11):e112583. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112583. eCollection
Favaloro EJ (2011) Diagnosis and classification of von Willebrand disease: a review of the differential utility of various functional von Willebrand factor assays. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 22:553–564
Lippi G, Favaloro EJ, Salvagno GL, Franchini M (2009) Laboratory assessment and perioperative management of patients on antiplatelet therapy: from the bench to the bedside. Clin Chim Acta 405:8–16
McGlasson DL, Fritsma GA (2008) Comparison of four laboratory methods to assess aspirin sensitivity. Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 19:120–123
Hayward CP, Moffat KA, Pai M et al (2008) An evaluation of methods for determining reference intervals for light transmission platelet aggregation tests on samples with normal or reduced platelet counts. Thromb Haemost 100:134–145
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer Science+Business Media LLC
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Fritsma, G.A., McGlasson, D.L. (2017). Whole Blood Platelet Aggregometry. In: Favaloro, E., Lippi, G. (eds) Hemostasis and Thrombosis. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1646. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7196-1_26
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7196-1_26
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7194-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4939-7196-1
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols