Abstract
The evaluation of novel treatment regimes in ovarian cancer, ranging from cytotoxic agents and targeted therapy to surgery, demands clinically relevant mouse models to mimic human disease. These more advanced preclinical models provide a tool to obtain robust data on the mechanism of action, cytotoxicity and therapeutic efficacy of newly emerging antitumor therapies.
In this chapter, we describe how to generate ovarian cancer xenograft models through injection of human tumor cell lines in immunocompromised mice. Detailed methodological descriptions are provided for both the commonly applied subcutaneous model and the more technically challenging orthotopic tumor model that involves inoculation of cancer cells in the ovarian bursa. We demonstrate how to monitor tumor growth and metastases in orthotopic ovarian models through noninvasive optical imaging and the procedures for treatment strategy, including administration of test compounds and debulking surgery. We comment on the strengths, limitations, and procedural challenges associated with each of the models.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Lim HJ, Ledger W (2016) Targeted therapy in ovarian cancer. Womens Health 12(3):363–378
Gengenbacher N, Singhal M, Augustin HG (2017) Preclinical mouse solid tumour models: status quo, challenges and perspectives. Nat Rev Cancer 17(12):751–765
Scott C, Becker MA, Haluska P, Samimi G (2013) Patient-derived xenograft models to improve targeted therapy in epithelial ovarian cancer treatment. Front Oncol 3:295
Morse CB, Voillet V, Bates BM, Chiu EY, Garcia NM, Gottardo R, Greenberg PD, Anderson KG (2021) Development of a clinically relevant ovarian cancer model incorporating surgical cytoreduction to evaluate treatment of micro-metastatic disease. Gynecol Oncol 160:427
Marasco WA (2018) The latest animal models of ovarian cancer for novel drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discovery 13(3):249–257
Killion JJ, Radinsky R, Fidler IJ (1998) Orthotopic models are necessary to predict therapy of transplantable tumors in mice. Cancer Metastasis Rev 17(3):279–284
Kleinmanns K, Bischof K, Anandan S, Popa M, Akslen LA, Fosse V, Karlsen IT, Gjertsen BT, Bjørge L, McCormack E (2020) CD24-targeted fluorescence imaging in patient-derived xenograft models of high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. EBioMedicine 56:102782
Helland Ø, Popa M, Vintermyr OK, Molven A, Gjertsen BT, Bjørge L, McCormack E (2014) First in-mouse development and application of a surgically relevant xenograft model of ovarian carcinoma. PLoS One 9(3):e89527
Kleinmanns K, Fosse V, Davidson B, de Jalón EG, Tenstad O, Bjørge L, McCormack E (2020) CD24-targeted intraoperative fluorescence image-guided surgery leads to improved cytoreduction of ovarian cancer in a preclinical orthotopic surgical model. EBioMedicine 56:102783
Acknowledgments
This work was supported by the Norwegian Cancer Society grant 811468, Vivarium and Molecular Imaging Centre, Department of Clinical Science, Centre for Cancer Biomarkers, University of Bergen, and the Trond Mohn Foundation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2022 The Author(s), under exclusive license to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature
About this protocol
Cite this protocol
Popa, M., Fosse, V., Kleinmanns, K., Bjørge, L., McCormack, E. (2022). Xenograft Models of Ovarian Cancer for Therapy Evaluation. In: Kreeger, P.K. (eds) Ovarian Cancer. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 2424. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1956-8_18
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-1956-8_18
Published:
Publisher Name: Humana, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-0716-1955-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-0716-1956-8
eBook Packages: Springer Protocols