Abstract
Translation is the process by which medical innovations, such as neurosurgical robots, are brought from the laboratory into the operating room. This process has been described as a continuum punctuated by several well-defined chasms: first, the development of a robot culminating in a first-in-human study; second, the evaluation of a robot resulting in regulatory clearance or approval; and third, the adoption of a robot by neurosurgeons. In this chapter we discuss the process of innovation, and the stages of translation, the central tenet being that development and evaluation can and should proceed together in an ordered and logical manner. We also provide some practical advice on how innovators can optimize their likelihood of success.
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Marcus, H.J., Payne, C.J. (2021). Translation. In: Marcus, H.J., Payne, C.J. (eds) Neurosurgical Robotics. Neuromethods, vol 162. Humana, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0993-4_5
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-0993-4_5
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