Skip to main content

USER-Derived Cloning Methods and Their Primer Design

  • Protocol
  • First Online:
DNA Cloning and Assembly Methods

Part of the book series: Methods in Molecular Biology ((MIMB,volume 1116))

Abstract

Uracil excision-based cloning through USERâ„¢ (Uracil-Specific Excision Reagent) is an efficient ligase-free cloning technique that comprises USER cloning, USER fusion, and USER cassette-free (UCF) USER fusion. These USER-derived cloning techniques enable seamless assembly of multiple DNA fragments in one construct. Though governed by a few simple rules primer design for USER-based fusion of PCR fragments can prove time-consuming for inexperienced users. The Primer Help for USER (PHUSER) software is an easy-to-use primer design tool for USER-based methods. In this chapter, we present a PHUSER software protocol for designing primers for USER-derived cloning techniques.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Protocol
USD 49.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 89.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 119.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Mertz JE, Davis RW (1972) Cleavage of DNA by R1 restriction endonuclease generates cohesive ends. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 69:3370–3374

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Gellert M (1967) Formation of covalent circles of lambda DNA by E. coli extracts. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 57:148–155

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Weiss B, Richardson CC (1967) Enzymatic breakage and joining of deoxyribonucleic acid, I. Repair of single-strand breaks in DNA by an enzyme system from Escherichia coli infected with T4 bacteriophage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 57:1021–1028

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Smith HO, Welcox KW (1970) A restriction enzyme from Hemophilus influenzae: I. Purification and general properties. J Mol Biol 51:379–391

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Mullis K, Faloona F, Scharf S et al (1986) Specific enzymatic amplification of DNA in vitro: the polymerase chain reaction. Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol L1:263–273

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Mullis KB, Faloona FA (1987) Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via a polymerase-catalyzed chain reaction. Methods Enzymol 155:335–350

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Scharf SJ, Horn GT, Erlich HA (1986) Direct cloning and sequence analysis of enzymatically amplified genomic sequences. Science 233:1076–1078

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Ho SN, Hunt HD, Horton RM et al (1989) Site-directed mutagenesis by overlap extension using the polymerase chain reaction. Gene 77:51–59

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Horton RM, Hunt HD, Ho SN et al (1989) Engineering hybrid genes without the use of restriction enzymes: gene splicing by overlap extension. Gene 77:61–68

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Vallette F, Mege E, Reiss A et al (1989) Construction of mutant and chimeric genes using the polymerase chain reaction. Nucleic Acids Res 17:723–733

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Yon J, Fried M (1989) Precise gene fusion by PCR. Nucleic Acids Res 17:4895

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Aslanidis C, De Jong PJ (1990) Ligation-independent cloning of PCR products (LIC-PCR). Nucleic Acids Res 18:6069–6074

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Jones D, Sakamoto K, Vorce R et al (1990) DMA mutagenesis and recombination. Nature 344:793–794

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Shuldiner AR, Scott LA, Roth J (1990) PCR-induced (ligase-free) subcloning: a rapid reliable method to subclone polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products. Nucleic Acids Res 18:1920

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. Nisson PE, Rashtchian A, Watkins PC (1991) Rapid and efficient cloning of Alu-PCR products using uracil DNA glycosylase. Genome Res 1:120–123

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Smith C, Day P, Walker MR (1993) Generation of cohesive ends on PCR products by UDG-mediated excision of dU, and application for cloning into restriction digest-linearized vectors. Genome Res 2:328–332

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Yang YS, Watson WJ, Tucker PW et al (1993) Construction of recombinant DNA by exonuclease recession. Nucleic Acids Res 21:1889–1893

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Gibson DG, Young L, Chuang RY et al (2009) Enzymatic assembly of DNA molecules up to several hundred kilobases. Nat Methods 6:343–345

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Evans DH, Willer DH, Yao XD (2003) DNA joining method. US Patent US/2003/0162265 A1

    Google Scholar 

  20. Li MZ, Elledge SJ (2007) Harnessing homologous recombination in vitro to generate recombinant DNA via SLIC. Nat Methods 4:251–256

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Bitinaite J, Rubino M, Varma KH et al (2007) USER™ friendly DNA engineering and cloning method by uracil excision. Nucleic Acids Res 35:1992–2002

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Geu-Flores F, Nour-Eldin HH, Nielsen MT et al (2007) USER fusion: a rapid and efficient method for simultaneous fusion and cloning of multiple PCR products. Nucleic Acids Res 35:e55

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Nour-Eldin HH, Hansen BG, Nørholm MHH et al (2006) Advancing uracil-excision based cloning towards an ideal technique for cloning PCR fragments. Nucleic Acids Res 34:e122

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Geu-Flores F, Nielsen MT, Nafisi M et al (2009) Glucosinolate engineering identifies a γ-glutamyl peptidase. Nat Chem Biol 5:575–577

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Mikkelsen MD, Buron LD, Salomonsen B et al (2012) Microbial production of indolylglucosinolate through engineering of a multi-gene pathway in a versatile yeast expression platform. Metab Eng 14:104–111

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Hansen BG, Salomonsen B, Nielsen MT et al (2011) Versatile enzyme expression and characterization system for Aspergillus nidulans, with the Penicillium brevicompactum polyketide synthase gene from the mycophenolic acid gene cluster as a test case. Appl Environ Microbiol 77:3044–3051

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Bjarne GH, Xin ES, Hans JG et al (2012) Adaptive evolution of drug targets in producer and non-producer organisms. Biochem J 441:219–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Burow M, Losansky A, Müller R et al (2009) The genetic basis of constitutive and herbivore-induced ESP-independent nitrile formation in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 149:561–574

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Wang Z (2009) Epitope tagging of endogenous proteins for genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis. Methods Mol Biol 567:87–98

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  30. Nørholm M (2010) A mutant Pfu DNA polymerase designed for advanced uracil-excision DNA engineering. BMC Biotechnol 10:21

    Article  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  31. Annaluru A, Muller H, Ramalingam S et al (2011) Assembling DNA fragments by USER fusion. Methods Mol Biol 852:77–95

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Olsen LR, Hansen NB, Bonde MT et al (2011) PHUSER (Primer Help for USER): a novel tool for USER fusion primer design. Nucleic Acids Res 39:W61–W67

    Article  CAS  PubMed Central  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  33. Nour-Eldin HH, Geu-Flores F, Halkier BA (2010) USER cloning and USER fusion: the ideal cloning techniques for small and big laboratories. Methods Mol Biol 643:185–200

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgement

This work was supported by a strategic PhD stipend from the Faculty of LIFE Sciences.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media, New York

About this protocol

Cite this protocol

Salomonsen, B., Mortensen, U.H., Halkier, B.A. (2014). USER-Derived Cloning Methods and Their Primer Design. In: Valla, S., Lale, R. (eds) DNA Cloning and Assembly Methods. Methods in Molecular Biology, vol 1116. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-764-8_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-764-8_5

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Totowa, NJ

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-62703-763-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-62703-764-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Protocols

Publish with us

Policies and ethics