1. How Much Physiology is Needed in Forest Gap Models for Simulating Long-Term Vegetation Response to Global Change?

   • Harald Bugmann
   • James F. Reynolds
   • Louis F. Pitelka

   Legacy Pages: 249 - 250

2. How Much Physiology Is Needed in Forest Gap Models for Simulating Long-Term Vegetation Response to Global Change? Introduction

   • Louis F. Pitelka
   • Harald Bugmann
   • James F. Reynolds

   Introduction Pages: 251 - 257

3. A Review of Forest Gap Models

   • Harald Bugmann

   OriginalPaper Pages: 259 - 305

4. Tree Species Composition in European Pristine Forests: Comparison of Stand Data to Model Predictions

   • Franz-W. Badeck
   • Heike Lischke
   • Benjamin Smith

   OriginalPaper Pages: 307 - 347

5. Comparing the Performance of Forest gap Models in North America

   • Harald K. M. Bugmann
   • Stan D. Wullschleger
   • Allen M. Solomon

   OriginalPaper Pages: 349 - 388

6. A Comparative Analysis of the Structure and Behavior of Three Gap Models at Sites in Northeastern China

   • Guofan Shao
   • Harald Bugmann
   • Xiaodong Yan

   OriginalPaper Pages: 389 - 413

7. Aboveground Growth and Competition in Forest Gap Models: An Analysis for Studies of Climatic Change

   • Richard J. Norby
   • Kiona Ogle
   • Josep Peñuelas

   OriginalPaper Pages: 415 - 447

8. Below-Ground Processes in Gap Models for Simulating Forest Response to Global Change

   • Stan D. Wullschleger
   • Robert B. Jackson
   • Guofan Shao

   OriginalPaper Pages: 449 - 473

9. Regeneration in Gap Models: Priority Issues for Studying Forest Responses to Climate Change

   • David T. Price
   • Niklaus E. Zimmermann
   • Benjamin Smith

   OriginalPaper Pages: 475 - 508

10. Tree Mortality in Gap Models: Application to Climate Change

    • Robert E. Keane
    • Mike Austin
    • Peter Wyckoff

    OriginalPaper Pages: 509 - 540

11. How Much Physiology is Needed in Forest Gap Models for Simulating Long-Term Vegetation Response to Global Change? Challenges, Limitations, and Potentials

    • James F. Reynolds
    • Harald Bugmann
    • Louis F. Pitelka

    OriginalPaper Pages: 541 - 557

12. Volume 51

    Volume Contents Pages: 559 - 561

13. Author Index

    Authors Index Pages: 563 - 563