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Investigation of Distributed Generation Penetration Limits in Distribution Networks Using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Technique

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Abstract

This paper presents the investigation of distributed generation (DG) penetration limits of a distribution network (DN) using multi-objective particle swarm optimization (MOPSO) technique with the aim of finding the optimal location and size of DGs suitable for the distribution system to effectively reduce power losses and improve voltage profile. For the purpose of experimentation, the Harar Town distribution system (HTDS) at Harar town in Ethiopia was taken as a case study. To deliver the required power demand of the DN at HTDS, HTDS requires optimal planning to achieve minimum power loss and voltage deviation when installing distributed generation with proper penetration limits using MOSPO. For the problem formulation, the objective functions used for the MOPSO technique which are to be minimized are the total active power loss, reactive power loss (QL), and total voltage deviation (± 0.05%) for the 15 kV distribution feeder. MOPSO is employed to solve the problem with the aim of meeting the IEEE standards. The results show that the existing DN is not able to meet the future demand due to its voltage deviation (VD) and high power losses. As a result, distributed generation upgrade planning was carried out using MOPSO, taking into account the future growth and DG deployments, as well as penetration restrictions of the distribution system. The MOPSO technique was used to reduce the total power loss as well as the VD of the system. The Harar city distribution system of East Harergie, Ethiopia was used to show the dominance of the proposed technique. The study aimed to minimize power loss on an IEEE 33-bus test system using various case scenarios in MATLAB optimization toolbox in MATLAB programing environment. The results show that when DG is added to the system, it achieves a 10% penetration rate, which is better than the base case scenario. The system is optimized when it reaches 40% (it is optimized and its range is within the IEEE standard). The results further show that the overall actual power loss (PL) without DG is 368.879 kW, while the total real PL with DG is 67.26 kW, indicating a considerable difference between the two scenarios (a reduction of 81.77%).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Debre Markos University, Debre Markos, Ethiopia

    Takele Ferede Agajie & Dessalegn Bitew Aeggegn

  2. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Raya University, Raya, Ethiopia

    Fsaha Mebrahtu Gebru

  3. Department of Electrical/Electronics and Computer Engineering, Afe Babalola University, Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

    Ayodeji Olalekan Salau

  4. Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Chennai, India

    Ayodeji Olalekan Salau

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  1. Takele Ferede Agajie
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  2. Fsaha Mebrahtu Gebru
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  3. Ayodeji Olalekan Salau
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Correspondence to Ayodeji Olalekan Salau.

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Agajie, T.F., Gebru, F.M., Salau, A.O. et al. Investigation of Distributed Generation Penetration Limits in Distribution Networks Using Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization Technique. J. Electr. Eng. Technol. 18, 4025–4038 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42835-023-01457-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42835-023-01457-4

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