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Effects and Mechanism of Continuous Liming on Cadmium Immobilization and Uptake by Rice Grown on Acid Paddy Soils

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Abstract

Lime application is the most effective agricultural practice for the reduction of cadmium (Cd) bioavailability in acid soils. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of continuous liming across five consecutive growing seasons on the remediation of Cd in acid paddy soils, as well as rice yield. Two rice cultivars, i.e., Zhuliangyou 819 and Xiangwanxian 12, were cultivated in Cd-contaminated paddy soil for five consecutive growing seasons from 2014 to 2018. The investigated lime levels were 0, 450, 900, 1350, 1800, 2250, 3000, and 3750 kg ha−1. Lime application significantly increased rice yield, soil pH, exchangeable soil Ca2+, and rice calcium (Ca) contents; besides, it reduced soil and rice Cd contents. The application of lime at the rate of 1350–2250 kg ha−1 significantly increased rice yield. Under continuous liming, rice yield obviously increased first and then decreased with the cumulative application of lime. The application of a cumulative lime amount of 18,000 kg ha−1 was identified as the critical transition point of soil pH, soil Cd, and rice Cd content. Application of lime up to or above 3000 kg ha−1 per season reduced Cd content in brown rice below 0.20 mg kg−1. The results suggest that the reduction in effective Cd content might be a result of the combined action of exchangeable soil Ca2+ and soil pH rather than being a direct effect of Ca2+. Therefore, acid Cd-contaminated paddy fields can realize the safe production of rice by the continuous application of an appropriate amount of lime.

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Funding

This research was supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China (2016YFD0800705), National Rice Industry Technical System of China (CARS-01-28), Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (2017JJ3161). Hunan Provincial Key Research and Development Program of China (2016NK2190). Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Bureau (19B250).

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  1. Zhaobing Liu and Ying Huang contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, Hunan, China

    Zhaobing Liu, Ying Huang & Jianwei Peng

  2. Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agriculture Environment in Middle Reach Plain of Yangtze River/ Key Lab of Prevention, Control and Remediation of Soil Heavy Metal Pollution in Hunan Province, Hunan Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China

    Zhaobing Liu, Xionghui Ji & Yunhe Xie

  3. Departments of Soils and Water, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt

    Mamdouh A. Eissa

  4. Haikou Experimental Stations, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences (CATAS), Haikou, China

    Ahmed E. Fahmy

  5. Atomic Energy Authority, Nuclear Research Centre, Soil & Water Research Department, Abou-Zaabl, 13759, Egypt

    Ahmed E. Fahmy

  6. Agronomy Departments, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt

    Salah F. Abou-Elwafa

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  1. Zhaobing Liu
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Supplementary Table 1.

CK, L450, L900, L1350, L1800, L2250, L3000, and L3750 indicate 0, 450, 900, 1350, 1800, 2250, 3000, and 3750 kg ha-1 of the cumulatively applied amount of lime (XLS 64 kb)

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Liu, Z., Huang, Y., Ji, X. et al. Effects and Mechanism of Continuous Liming on Cadmium Immobilization and Uptake by Rice Grown on Acid Paddy Soils. J Soil Sci Plant Nutr 20, 2316–2328 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42729-020-00297-9

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