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Cavitation Induced Damage in Soft Biomaterials

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Abstract

When cavitating bubbles grow in a soft material followed by a violent collapse under the influence of a far-field pressure, they generate secondary pressure pulses of higher magnitude and potentially induce damage to the near-field material. During the bubble collapse, the surrounding material also experiences a high strain rate and shear deformation. Several experimental and analytical observations have shown that the bubble dynamics are highly dependent on the magnitude of the far-field pressure, the volume fraction of non-condensable gas, and material properties. In the present work, we propose a damage parameter as the efficiency of cavitation damage and perform several numerical simulations varying the factors mentioned above to establish a correlation with the damage efficiency. The efficiency of cavitation damage is defined as the ratio of the energy deposited to the surrounding medium and the energy released by the collapsing bubbles. We consider both isotropic (volumetric) and deviatoric (shear) energy deposition, and in doing so, we can separately identify the intensity of both damage mechanisms. For the numerical simulations, we have integrated the viscoelastic Kelvin–Voigt constitutive model with a commercially available solver. The significant findings of the numerical simulations are (1) bubble collapse becomes more violent with the increase of far-field pressure, (2) collapse pressure and intensity decrease with increasing non-condensable gas content, (3) materials elasticity reduces the collapsing velocity, and eventually, the collapsing pressure, (4) viscosity plays a minor role in the first collapse and becomes significant for the subsequent rebounds and collapses.

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  1. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Woolf Hall, Room 315C, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA

    Fuad Hasan, K A H Al Mahmud, Md Ishak Khan, Sandeep Patil, Brian H. Dennis & Ashfaq Adnan

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  1. Fuad Hasan
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  2. K A H Al Mahmud
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Hasan, F., Al Mahmud, K.A.H., Khan, M.I. et al. Cavitation Induced Damage in Soft Biomaterials. Multiscale Sci. Eng. 3, 67–87 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42493-021-00060-x

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