Abstract
Agriculture remains the main occupation in North East India which comprises of eight states. Among the various soil borne pathogens, Fusarium is one of the important pathogens causing diseases with severe yield reduction in crop plants if adequate management practices are not followed. The various species of this pathogen reported in this region are Fusarium oxysporum, F. solani, F. moniliforme, F. equiseti, F. verticillioides, F redolense, F. chlamydosporum, F. Avenaceum, F proliferatum and F. subglutinans. The pathogen causes wilt, rot, seed decay malformation (Pokkah boeng) etc. The pathogen has been characterised using morphological, cultural and molecular methods. Various management options and diagnostic techniques including nanotechnology have been studied. This review summarises the research works carried out on various aspects of Fusarium diseases in North Eastern India and future strategies.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Anonymous (2009) ICAR-NEH, 2009, Annual Report, 2008–09, p 236
Anonymous (2010) ICAR-NEH, 2010, Annual Report, 2009–10, p 252
Anonymous (2015) ICAR-NEH, 2015, Annual Report 2014–15, p 202
Anonymous (2016) ICAR-NEH, 2016, Annual Report, 2015–16, p 150
Anonymous (2017) ICAR-NRCB, 2017, Annual Report 2016–17, p 174
Baiswar P, Chandra S, Rajiv Kumar (2008) Evaluation of different bio-control agents against Botrytis gladiolorum and Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. gladioli of gladiolus under in vitro conditions. J Ornam Horticult 11(1):79–80
Barah BC (2007) Strategies for agricultural development in the North-East India: challenges and emerging opportunities. Ind J Agri Econ 62(1):13–31
Barthakur BK (2011) Recent approach of Tocklai to plant protection in tea in North-east India. Sci Cult 77:381–384
Baruah N, Ashok B, Thangavelu R, Puzari KC (2018) In vitro screening of native banana rhizospheric microbes and endophytes of assam against Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense. Int J Curr Microbiol App Sci 7(6):1575–1583
Bayen RP, O’Donnell K, Bonants PJM, Cigelnik E, Kroon LPNM, Roebrock EJA, Walwijck C (2000) Gene genealogies and AFLP analyses in the Fusarium oxysporum complex identify monophyletic and nonmonophyletic formae speciales causing wilt and rot disease. Phytopathology 90:891–907
Bhat N (2001) In vitro cultivation of some leaf extracts against Fusarium spp. causing dry rot/yellows of ginger in Sikkim. Plant Dis Res 16(2):259–262
Bhat MN, Srivastava LS (2003) Evaluation of some fungicides and neem formulations against six soil borne pathogens and three Trichoderma spp. in vitro. Plant Dis Res 18(1):56–59
Bhattacharjee J, Bhattacharjee D, Borkar SG (2015) Performance of fungal platn pathogens in the culture media in presence of host plant parts. In: The abstracts of National Seminar on Sustaining Hill Agriculture in Changing Climate held December, 05–07, 2015, Agartala, Tripura, pp 363
Booth C (1971) The genus Fusarium. Common wealth Mycological Institute, Kew
Vijayan AK, Gudade B A, Bora, SS, Bhat S (2015) Fungal and viral diseases problems in large cardamom and their management. In: The abstracts of International Symposium on Next Generation Approaches for Sustainable Development o f Hill and Upland Horticulture held on 05–07, November, 2015 at Gangtok, p 140
Borah SN, Deka S (2016) First report of Fusarium verticillioides causing stalk rot of maize in Assam, India. Plant Dis 100(7):1501
Boruah S, Dutta P, Puzari KC (2016) Combined effect of nanoparticles and biocontrol agent has higher efficacy against plant pathogens. In: The abstracts of Symposium on Plant health Management in North East India held on 15–16, 2016 at ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, p 55
Chattopodhyay SB, Sengupta SK (1967) Twig blight disease of Orange. Sci Cult 33:129
Daiho L, Tato N (2016) Biopesticide as important component in integrated plant disease management. In: The abstracts of Symposium on Plant health Management in North East India held on 15–16, 2016 at ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, p 55
Datta S, Choudhary RG, Shamim MD, Singh RK, Dhar V (2011) Molecular diversity in Indian isolates of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. lentis inciting wilt disease in lentil (Lens culinaris Medik). Afr J Biotechnol 10(38):7314–7323
Deb L, Rajesh T, Devi RKT, Majumder D, Studies on antagonistic potential of Beauveria spp. against major soil borne pathogens (2017) Ngachan SV, Prakash N, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Roy SS, Ningombam A, Punitha P, Ansari MA, Singh RK, Sailo B, Singh TB, Sonia Ch, Anand YR, Singh TS and Singh YH (eds) 2017. In: Souvenir and Abstracts of National Symposium on Emerging and Reemerging Plant Diseases in North East India: Challenges and Strategies. 10–11 October, 2017, Imphal, Manipur, India, p 144
Devi PS, Sinha B, Devi HC, Devi KS Chanu WT. Prevalence and organic management of emerging fungal diseases in some important horticultural crops of Manipur (2017) Ngachan SV, Prakash N, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Roy SS, Ningombam A, Punitha P, Ansari MA, Singh RK, Sailo B, Singh TB, Sonia Ch, Anand YR, Singh TS and Singh YH (eds) 2017. Souvenir and abstracts of national symposium on emerging and reemerging plant diseases in north east india: challenges and strategies 10–11 October, 2017, Imphal, Manipur, India, p 144
Devi TJ, Devi RKT, Singh NI, Sinha B. Detection of seed borne fungi of black gram (2017) Ngachan SV, Prakash N, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Roy SS, Ningombam A, Punitha P, Ansari MA, Singh RK, Sailo B, Singh TB, Sonia Ch, Anand YR, Singh TS and Singh YH (eds) 2017. Souvenir and Abstracts of National Symposium on Emerging and Reemerging Plant Diseases in North East India: Challenges and Strategies. 10–11 October, 2017, Imphal, Manipur, India, p 144
Dikshit KR, Dikshit JK (2014) Agriculture in North-East India: past and present. In: North-east india: land, people and economy. Advances in Asian Human-Environmental Research. Springer, Dordrecht
Dutta P (2013) Efficacy of bioformulations against bacterial wilt of tomato caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. J Biol Control 27(1):64–66
Ghosh SP, Singh RB (1993) Citrus in South Asia. FAO/RAPA Publication No. 1993/24. Bangkok, Thailand, p 70
Gopi R, Borah Tasvina R, Kalita H (2011) A new record of head rot of cabbage by Rhizoctonia solani in Sikkim. J Mycol Plant Pathol 41(4):642–643
Gopi R, Avasthe RK, Kalita H, Ashish Yadav, Kapoor C, Poudyal C (2015) A new record of Fusarium oxysporum causing root rot, inflorescence and capsule rotting in large cardamom. In: The abstracts of National Seminar on Sustaining Hill Agriculture in Changing Climate held December, 05–07, 2015, Agartala, Tripura, p 363
Gopi R, Avasthe RK, Kalita H, Yadav A, Kapoor C, Poudyal C (2016a) A new record of Fusarium oxysporum causing stem lodging, inflorescence and capsule rot in large cardamom. Indian Phytopath 69(3):316–317
Gopi R, Kalita H, Avasthe RK (2016b) Organic management of soft rot of ginger (Zingiber officinale) in Sikkim Himalayan region. Indian J Agr Sci 86(12):1586–1590
Gopi R, Avasthe RK, Singh R, Yadav A, Kalita H, Kapoor C, Singh NJ (2016b) Effect of mulching and date of sowing on pea diseases in Sikkim. In: The abstracts of Symposium on Plant health Management in North East India held on 15–16, 2016 at ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, p 55
Gupta RK, Bansal RK (2006) Comparative efficacy of Trichoderma viride and fungicides against Fusarium oxysporum schlecht inducing fenugreek wilt under poly house conditions. Ann Biol 19:35–37
ISPS (Indo Swiss Project Sikkim) (2005) Experience in Collaboration-Ginger Pests and Diseases, Inter-cooperation India Programme. Series 1. Indo-Swiss Project Sikkim, Hyderabad, India, p 57
Kalita H, Borah TR, Gopi R, Helim R, Das B (2012) New record of patchouli wilt from Sikkim Himalayas. J Mycol Plant Pathol 42(2):254–255
Kamala Th, Devi SI (2012) Biocontrol properties of indigenous Trichoderma isolates from North-east India against Fusarium oxysporum and Rhizoctonia solani. Afr J Biotechnol 11(34):8491–8499
Kaman P, Dutta P (2016) Biogenic synthesis of myconanoparticle (Ag nanoparticle) and management of soil borne plant pathogen. In: The abstracts of Symposium on Plant health Management in North East India held on 15–16, 2016 at ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, p 55
Khan MR, Khan SM (2002) Effect of root-dip treatment with certain phosphate solubilizing microorganisms on the Fusarium wilt of tomato. Bioresour Technol 85:213–215
Kripalini N, Biswas MK, Devi PS, Sinha B, Chanu WT, Sarda K, Laishram S and H Chandrajini (2017) Effect of Volatile and Non-Volatile compounds of potent Native Trichoderma isolates against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. pisi (Wilt of Pea). Ngachan SV, Prakash N, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Roy SS, Ningombam A, Punitha P, Ansari MA, Singh RK, Sailo B, Singh TB, Sonia Ch, Anand YR, Singh TS and Singh YH (eds) 2017. Souvenir and Abstracts of National Symposium on Emerging and Reemerging Plant Diseases in North East India: Challenges and Strategies. 10–11 October, 2017, Imphal, Manipur, India, p 144
Kshetri P, Roy SS, Sharma SK, Singh TS, Ansari MA, Sailo B, Prakash N, Ngachan SV (2017) Screening of native actinobacteria of Manipur for phytostimulating activity, production of agroactive compounds and biocontrol potential. Ngachan SV, Prakash N, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Roy SS, Ningombam A, Punitha P, Ansari MA, Singh RK, Sailo B, Singh TB, Sonia Ch, Anand YR, Singh TS and Singh YH (Eds.) 2017. Souvenir and Abstracts of National Symposium on Emerging and Reemerging Plant Diseases in North East India: Challenges and Strategies. 10–11 October, 2017, Imphal, Manipur, India, p 144
Kumar R, Tapwal A, Borah RK (2012) Identification and controlling verticillium wilt infecting Parkia roxburghii seedlings in Manipur India. Res J For 6:49–54
Kumhar KC, Babu A, Bordoloi M, Banerjee P, Dey T (2015) Biological and chemical control of Fusarium solani, causing dieback disease of tea Camellia sinensis (L): an in vitro study. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 4:955–963
Laishram S, Mandal NC, Devi PS, Sinha B, Chanu WT, Devi KS, Kripalini N. Survey for the incidence of soft rot of ginger caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. zingiberi in different districts of Manipur(2017) Ngachan SV, Prakash N, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Roy SS, Ningombam A, Punitha P, Ansari MA, Singh RK, Sailo B, Singh TB, Sonia Ch, Anand YR, Singh TS and Singh YH (Eds.) 2017. Souvenir and Abstracts of National Symposium on Emerging and Reemerging Plant Diseases in North East India: Challenges and Strategies. 10–11 October, 2017, Imphal, Manipur, India, p 144
Larkin R, Fravel D (1998) Efficacy of various fungal and bacterial biocontrol organisms for the control of Fusarium wilt of tomato. Plant Dis 82:1022–1028
Marak SR, Tiameren AO (2016) Study on seed-borne mycoflora on rice grains (Oryza sativa). In: The abstracts of Symposium on Plant health Management in North East India held on 15–16, 2016 at ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Umiam, Meghalaya, p 55
Marois JJ, Mitchel DJ, Somada RM (1981) Biological control of Fusarium crown and root rot of tomato under field condition. Phytopathology 12:1257–1260
Mishra RR, Sharma GD, Tiwari BK (1981) Report on Fusarium wilt in Pinus Kesiya Royle. Curr Sci 50(1):36
Mishra VK, Mishra AK, Passari BP, Singh AK, Passari Singh BP (2013) Identification of trichoderma BPS-1, a biological control agent against pea wilt pathogen Fusarium Oxysporum f.sp. pisi. Int J Biotechnol Bioeng Res 4(4):375–382
Mustaffa MM, Thangavelu R (2011) Status of fusarium wilt in india. Acta Hortic 897:323–329
Nath P, Saikia AK, Singh SN (1999) On the occurrence of sugarcane diseases in Assam. Indian Phytopath 52(4):420
Nongmaithem N, Basudha Ch, Sharma SK (2017) Incidence of rust, powdery mildew and wilt in pea and broad bean plant of Manipur, India. Int J Curr Microbiol Appl Sci 6(8):2611–2616
O’Donnell K, Kistler HC, Tachke BK, Casper HH (2000) Gene genealogies reveal global phylogeographic structure and reproductive isolation among lineages of Fusarium graminearum, the fungus causing wheat scab. Proc Natl Acad Sci 97:7905–7910
Ploetz RC (2000) Panama disease: a classic and destructive disease of banana. Plant Health Prog 10:1–7
Pradhan P (2015) Preliminary checklist of phytopathogenic fungi in Sikkim, India. PeerJ PrePrints 3:e953v1. https://doi.org/10.7287/peerj.preprints.953v1
Rahman H, Karuppaiyan R, Kishore K, Denzongpa R (2009) Traditional practices of ginger cultivation in Northeast India. Indian J Tradit Knowl 8(1):23–28
Raj H, Borah RK, Yadav S. Preliminary investigations of Parkia roxburghii decline in North East India (2017) Ngachan SV, Prakash N, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Roy SS, Ningombam A, Punitha P, Ansari MA, Singh RK, Sailo B, Singh TB, Sonia Ch, Anand YR, Singh TS and Singh YH (eds) 2017. Souvenir and Abstracts of National Symposium on Emerging and Reemerging Plant Diseases in North East India: Challenges and Strategies. 10–11 October, 2017, Imphal, Manipur, India, p 144
Rajan PP, Gupta SR, Sarma YR, Jackson GVH (2002) Diseases of ginger and their control with Trichoderma harzianum. Indian Phytopath 55(2):173–177
Rajesha G, Bendangsenla, Deka BC, Ngachan SV (2015) Isolation and screening of bacterial endophytes against the fungal pathogesn of Naga King Chilli. In: The abstracts of National Seminar on Sustaining Hill Agriculture in Changing Climate held December, 05-07, 2015, Agartala, Tripura, p 363
Rao YS, Kumar A, Chatterjee S, Naidu R, George CK (1993) Large cardamom (Amomum subulatum Roxb.)—a review. J Spices Aromatic Crops 2(1&2):1–15
Reddy P (2015) Plant protection in tropical root and tuber crops. Springer, Berlin, p 331
Rojo FG, Reynoso MM, Sofia M, Chulze IN, Torres AM (2007) Biological control by Trichoderma species of Fusarium solani causing peanut brown root rot under field conditions. Crop Prot. 26:549–555
Roy AK (1984) Two new Fusarium diseases in Karbi anglong, Assam India. Curr Sci 53(24):1303–1304
Roy A, Singh NU, Dkhar DS, Mohanty AK, Singh SB, Tripathi AK (2015) A Study on the performance of agricultural sector in India. Agric Econ Res Rev 28:259–266
Sahay G, Sarma BK, Gupta HS, Pathak KA, Prasad MS (1999) Biotic stresses of pulses in North Eastern Hill Region of India. Indian J of Hill Farmg 12(1–2):6–8
Sarma YR, Jackson GH (2004) Disease and pest management in Ginger with special reference to North East Region of India, pp 46–52. In: Souvenir-National Consultative Meeting for Improvement in Productivity and Utilization of Ginger, May 12–13, Aizwal, Mizoram
Sarmah SR, Baruah PK, Das SC (2010) Effect of different fungicides on die back disease of tea plant. J Adv Plant Sci 5:92–96
Sarmah SR, Boruah PK, Das SC (2012) Pathogenicity study of Fusarium solani, isolated from Fusarium die back of tea [Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze] on its host plant. Two Bud 59:91–94
Sarmah SR, Dutta P, Bhattacharyya PN, Payeng B, Tanti AJ (2016) Growth habit of tea pathogens and evaluation of relative susceptibility of selected tea cultivars. Int Res J Biol Sci 5(7):1–9
Shakywar RC, Krishna S, Tomar and Pathak M (2012) Panama wilt disease of banana and its management. http://www.krishisewa.com/articles/disease-management/80-panama-wilt-banana.html
Shanmugam V, Gupta S, Dohroo NP (2013) Selection of a compatible biocontrol strain mixture based on co-cultivation to control rhizome rot of ginger. Crop Prot 43:119–127
Singh R (2016) Aerobiology in north-east India in the context of epidemiology and forecasting for fungal diseases of major crop plants. Int J Mendel 33(1–2):63–68
Singh R, Sunder S (1997) Foot rot and bakanae of rice:retrospects and prospects. Intern J Trop Pl Dis 15:153–176
Singh TS, Devi PS, Sinha B, Singh NG, Sharma SK, Linda RK, Singh TN, Singh Chanu NT, Singha IM, Kakoty Y, Unni BG, Kalita MC, Naglot J, Naglot A, Wann SB, Singh L (2011) Control of Fusarium wilt of tomato caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici using leaf extract of Piper betle L.—a preliminary study. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 27:2583–2589
Singh TS, Devi PH, Sinha B, Singh NG, Sharma SK, Linda RK, Singh TN, Chanu NT and Singh YH (2017) Development of a biocontrol based management module for Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. zingiberi causing soft rot of ginger. Ngachan SV, Prakash N, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Roy SS, Ningombam A, Punitha P, Ansari MA, Singh RK, Sailo B, Singh TB, Sonia Ch, Anand YR, Singh TS and Singh YH (eds) 2017. Souvenir and abstracts of national symposium on emerging and reemerging plant diseases in North East India: challenges and strategies, 10–11 October, 2017, Imphal, Manipur, India, p 144
Singha IM, Kakoty Y, Unni BG, Das J, Kalita MC (2016) Identification and characterization of Fusarium sp. using ITS and RAPD causing fusarium wilt of tomato isolated from Assam, North East India. J Genet Eng and Biotechnol 14(1):99–105
Sivan A, Chet I (1986) Biological control of Fusarium spp. in cotton, wheat and muskmelon by Trichoderma harzianum. J Phytopathol 116:39–47
Skovgaard K, Nirenberg HI, O’Donnell K, Rosendahl S (2001) Evolution of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum races inferred from multigene genealogies. Phytopathology 91:1231–1237
Srivastava LS (1989) Leaf rot oflarge cardamom. Spice India 2:23
Srivastava LS (1991) Wilt of large cardamom, a new disease. Spice India 4:13
Srivastava LS (1995) Review of ginger diseases. In: Ginger Disease Workshop: proceedings and Strategic Plan, 12–13 September 1995, Gangtok, Sikkim
Srivastava LS, Gupta SR, Basnet CP, Mahato UP, Neopani B (1998) Microorganisms associated with ginger in Sikkim. J Hill Res 11(1):120–122
Summeral BA, Salleh B, Leslie JF (2003) A utilitarian approach to Fusarium identification. Plant Dis 87:117–128
Thangavelu R (2008) Banana wilt. p.266–285. In: Final Technical Report of Network Project on Wilt of Crops with Special Reference to Cultural Morphological Molecular Characterization and Pathogenic Variability of Isolates in India. Indian Institute of Pulses Research, Kanpur, India
Thangavelu R, Muthu Kumar K, Ganga Devi P, Mustaffa MM (2012) Genetic Diversity of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense Isolates (Foc) of India by Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR) Analysis. Mol Biotechnol 51:203–211
Vignesh P, Singh LNK, Sinha B. Stem rot of rice present scenario in India (2017) Ngachan SV, Prakash N, Sharma SK, Singh IM, Roy SS, Ningombam A, Punitha P, Ansari MA, Singh RK, Sailo B, Singh TB, Sonia Ch, Anand YR, Singh TS and Singh YH (eds) 2017. Souvenir and Abstracts of National Symposium on Emerging and Reemerging Plant Diseases in North East India: Challenges and Strategies, 10–11 October, 2017, Imphal, Manipur, India, p 144
Williams GE, Asher MJC (1996) Selection of rhizobacteria for the control of pythium ultimum and Aphanomyces cochlioides on sugar-beet seedlings. Crop Prot 15:479–486
Woo SL, Noviello C, Lorito M (1998) Sources of molecular variability and applications in characterization of the plant pathogen Fusarium oxysporum, pp. 187–208. In: Bridge P, Couteaudier Y, Clarkson J (eds) Molecular variability of fungal pathogens. CAB Int. Wallingford Oxon, United Kingdom 319
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gopi, R., Singh, S. & Raj, C. Status of Fusarium diseases of crop plants in North East India. Indian Phytopathology 72, 637–646 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-019-00148-3
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42360-019-00148-3