Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Physicochemical properties of coconut husk activated carbon modified by Fe(NO3)3 and Mn(NO3)2

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Iron and Steel Research International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Fe-loaded activated carbon (AC) has high surface acidity and more active sites, while manganese-loaded AC has high oxygen content. Coconut husk AC modified by Fe–Mn was studied with the aim of revealing the modification mechanism. First, HNO3/AC was prepared using the nitric acid immersion method. Second, Fe–Mn/AC was prepared using the Fe(NO3)3 and Mn(NO3)2 sequential immersion. The effects of HNO3, Fe(NO3)3, and Mn(NO3)2 on the pore texture and surface chemical characteristics of carbon materials were examined by scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, X-ray diffraction and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. The surface topography, pore structure, active material, and functional groups of AC, HNO3/AC, and Fe–Mn/AC were systematically studied. The following results were obtained. The surface of HNO3/AC has more ditches and air voids; the micropores of HNO3/AC are deformed and flattened compared to those of AC. The surface of Fe–Mn/AC exhibits an accumulation phenomenon. MnFe2O4 and FeMn2O4 formed more pore structures. AC and HNO3/AC have numerous micropores. The higher loading quantity of Fe–Mn results in bigger specific surface. The active components of Fe–Mn/AC-1, Fe–Mn/AC-2, Fe–Mn/AC-3, and Fe–Mn/AC-4 are MnFe2O4, Mn0.43Fe2.57O4, Mn3O4, and α-Fe2O3, respectively. The surface functional groups of AC and HNO3/AC are oxygen-containing functional groups. The effect of Fe–Mn modifying conditions on functional group species is rare; however, Fe/AC has more oxygen-containing functional groups. These research findings can aid in the desulfurization and denitrification of the Fe–Mn/AC catalyst.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. M.E. de Oliveira Ferreira, B.G. Vaz, C.E. Borba, C.G. Alonso, I.C. Ostroski, Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 277 (2019) 208–216.

  2. Z.B. Zhang, X.Y. Liu, D.W. Li, Y.Q. Lei, T.T. Gao, B.G. Wu, J.W. Zhao, Y.K. Wang, G.Y. Zhou, H.M. Yao, Ultrason. Sonochem. 51 (2019) 206–213.

  3. C. Nieto-Delgado, J. Gutiérrez-Martínez, J.R. Rangel-Méndez, J. Environ. Sci. 76 (2019) 403–414.

  4. Y.H. Cao, K.L. Wang, X.M. Wang, Z.R. Gu, W. Gibbons, H. Vu, Bioresour. Technol. 196 (2015) 525–532.

  5. N. Wang, B. Han, J.B. Wen, M.W. Liu, X.J. Li, Colloids Surf. A Physicochem. Eng. Asp. 567 (2019) 313–318.

  6. Y. Ma, B.B. Wang, Q. Wang, S.T. Xing, Chem. Eng. J. 354 (2018) 75–84.

  7. S.S.R. Putluru, L. Schill, A.D. Jensen, B. Siret, F. Tabaries, R. Fehrmann, Appl. Catal. B 165 (2015) 628–635.

  8. S.L. Yin, B.Z. Zhu, Y.L. Sun, Z.H. Zi, Q.L. Fang, G.B. Li, C. Chen, T.Y. Xu, J.X. Li, Asia-Pac. J. Chem. Eng. 13 (2018) e2231.

  9. F.T. You, G.W. Yu, Z.J. Xing, J. Li, S.Y. Xie, C.X. Li, G. Wang, H.Y. Ren, Y. Wang, Appl. Surf. Sci. 471 (2019) 633–644.

  10. J.K. Du, J.G. Bao, Y. Liu, S.H. Kim, D.D. Dionysiou, Chem. Eng. J. 376 (2019) 119193.

  11. S. Nagamuthu, S. Vijayakumar, S.H. Lee, K.S. Ryu, Appl. Surf. Sci. 390 (2016) 202–208.

  12. M.J. Akhtar, M. Younas, Solid State Sci. 14 (2012) 1536–1542.

  13. B. Sajjadi, J.W. Broome, W.Y. Chen, D.L. Mattern, N.O. Egiebor, N. Hammer, C.L. Smith, Ultrason. Sonochem. 51 (2019) 20–30.

  14. Z. Liu, Z.J. Wang, S.J. Qing, N.N. Xue, S.P. Jia, L. Zhang, L. Li, N. Li, L.Y. Shi, J.Z. Chen, Appl. Catal. B 232 (2018) 86–92.

  15. J.H. Yu, J.H. So, Chem. Phys. Lett. 716 (2019) 237–246.

  16. L.L. Deng, B.Q. Lu, J.L. Li, G.Q. Lv, S.J. Du, J.Y. Shi, Y.X. Yang, Fuel 200 (2017) 54–61.

  17. Fan, J. Sun, L. Chu, L. Cui, G. Quan, J. Yan, Q. Hussain, M. Iqbal, Chemosphere 207 (2018) 33–40.

  18. Y.H. Cao, Y. Gu, K.L. Wang, X.M. Wang, Z.R. Gu, T. Ambrico, M.A. Castro, J. Lee, W. Gibbons, J.A. Rice, J. Taiwan Inst. Chem. Eng. 66 (2016) 347–356.

  19. L.T. Lin, Y.R. Li, Z.C. Xu, J. Xiong, T.Y. Zhu, Fuel 223 (2018) 312–323.

  20. J. Palomo, J.J. Ternero-Hidalgo, J.M. Rosas, J. Rodríguez-Mirasol, T. Cordero, Fuel Process. Technol. 156 (2017) 438–445.

  21. S.D. Lakshmi, P.K. Avti, G. Hegde, Nano-Struct. Nano-Objects 16 (2018) 306–321.

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful for Open Fund of Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for metallurgical emission reduction and comprehensive utilization of resources (JKF19-08), General Project of Science and Technology Plan of Yunnan Science and Technology Department (2019FB077 and 202001AT070029) and the Open Fund of Key Laboratory for Ferrous Metallurgy and Resources Utilization of Ministry of Education (Grant No. FMRUlab-20-4).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Emission Reduction & Resources Recycling (Anhui University of Technology), Ministry of Education, Ma’anshan, 243002, Anhui, China

    Hong-ming Long

  2. Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650093, Yunnan, China

    Bang-fu Huang, Zhe Shi, Lan-peng Liu, De-fu Wang & Lu Li

  3. Clean Metallurgy Key Laboratory of Complex Iron Resources, University of Yunnan Province, Kunming, 650093, Yunnan, China

    Bang-fu Huang, Zhe Shi, Lan-peng Liu, De-fu Wang & Lu Li

Authors
  1. Hong-ming Long
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Bang-fu Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Zhe Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Lan-peng Liu
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. De-fu Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Lu Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Bang-fu Huang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Long, Hm., Huang, Bf., Shi, Z. et al. Physicochemical properties of coconut husk activated carbon modified by Fe(NO3)3 and Mn(NO3)2. J. Iron Steel Res. Int. 28, 530–537 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-021-00599-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42243-021-00599-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation