Abstract
Although the toughening of Calcium phosphate (CaP) scaffold by the addition of fiber has been well recognized, integrated mechanical, structural and functional considerations have been neglected in the design and fabrication of CaP scaffold implant. The emerging 3D printing provides a promising technique to construct CaP scaffold with precise size and elaborate microstructure. However, the most challenge is to extrude smoothly the CaP paste containing fibers for frequently-used extrusion-based 3D printing. In this study, frozen section and chemical dispersant (Pluronic F127, F127) were employed jointly to prepare non-aggregated polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) fibers. The injectability of CaP pastes with well dispersed PLGA fibers was more than 90% when the content of PLGA fibers was no more than 3 wt%. Meanwhile rheological property of CaP pastes with well dispersed fibers showed shear thinning, which were both beneficial to extrude CaP paste with well dispersed fibers for 3D printing. Moreover, these CaP scaffolds showed ductile fracture behavior due to the pullout and bridging effect of PLGA fibers. The cell proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity indicated that 3D printed CaP scaffold containing PLGA fibers possesses excellent biocompatibility and facilitate osteogenic differentiation ability. Thus, it was feasible to print CaP pastes with well dispersed PLGA fibers to construct toughening CaP scaffolds with the higher shape fidelity and complex structures, which had significant clinical potentials in osteoanagenesis due to their higher toughness and excellent biocompatibility.
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Acknowledgment
This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (51372210), Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China (20130184110023), the Basic Research Foundation Key Project of Sichuan Province (2016JY0011), and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2682020XG04).
We would like to thank Analytical and Testing Center of Southwest Jiaotong University for their assistance with morphology and phase composition analysis.
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Zhao, G., Cui, R., Chen, Y. et al. 3D Printing of Well Dispersed Electrospun PLGA Fiber Toughened Calcium Phosphate Scaffolds for Osteoanagenesis. J Bionic Eng 17, 652–668 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42235-020-0051-2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42235-020-0051-2