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Effect of source size and emission time on the p–p momentum correlation function in the two-proton emission process

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Abstract

The effect of source size and emission time on the proton–proton (p–p) momentum correlation function (\(C_\mathrm{pp}(q)\)) has been studied systematically. Assuming a spherical Gaussian source with space and time profile according to the function \(S(r,t)\sim \exp (-r^2/2r_{0}^{2}-t/\tau )\) in the correlation function calculation code (CRAB), the results indicate that one \(C_\mathrm{pp}(q)\) distribution corresponds to a unique combination of source size \(r_0\) and emission time \(\tau \). Considering the possible nuclear deformation from a spherical nucleus, an ellipsoidal Gaussian source characterized by the deformation parameter \(\epsilon =\Delta {R}/R\) has been simulated. There is almost no difference of \(C_\mathrm{pp}(q)\) between the results of spherically and ellipsoidally shaped sources with small deformation. These results indicate that a unique source size \(r_0\) and emission time could be extracted from the p–p momentum correlation function, which is especially important for identifying the mechanism of two-proton emission from proton-rich nuclei. Furthermore, considering the possible existence of cluster structures within a nucleus, the double Gaussian source is assumed. The results show that the p–p momentum correlation function for a source with or without cluster structures has large systematical differences with the variance of \(r_{0}\) and \(\tau \). This may provide a possible method for experimentally observing the cluster structures in proton-rich nuclei.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 201800, China

    Long Zhou & De-Qing Fang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Long Zhou

  3. Key Laboratory of Nuclear Physics and Ion-beam Application (MOE), Institute of Modern Physics, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, China

    De-Qing Fang

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  1. Long Zhou
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  2. De-Qing Fang
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Correspondence to De-Qing Fang.

Additional information

This work is partially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (No. 2018YFA0404404), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 11925502, 11935001, 11961141003, 11421505, 11475244, and 11927901), the Shanghai Development Foundation for Science and Technology (No. 19ZR1403100), the Strategic Priority Research Program of the CAS (No. XDB34030000), and the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the CAS (No. QYZDJ-SSW-SLH002).

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Zhou, L., Fang, DQ. Effect of source size and emission time on the p–p momentum correlation function in the two-proton emission process. NUCL SCI TECH 31, 52 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-020-00759-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41365-020-00759-w

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