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Assessing the impact of spatio-temporal land use and land cover changes on land surface temperature, with a major emphasis on mining activities in the state of Chhattisgarh, India

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Abstract

The global impact of coal mining and associated activities on land use/land cover (LULC) changes is significant. This study used Landsat satellite images from 1990 to 2020 to assess LULC changes and their impact on land surface temperature (LST) in four districts of Chhattisgarh state, India. Over three decades, Korba and Raigarh districts saw expansion in coal mines, built-up areas, and water bodies, while forest areas diminished by 711.3 km2 and 212.87 km2, respectively. Koriya district saw coal mine expansion of 5.68 km2 (1990–2010), later declining to 2.85 km2, alongside growth in built-up regions, and forest cover reduction by 251.31 km2 in 2020. Surguja district experienced coal mine and built-up area expansion (1990–2020), with initial forest decline of 160.21 km2 in 2010 followed by recovery in 2020. LST was determined using the Mono-window algorithm. LST increased during winter and summer, with the most significant rise in summer. Vegetation-rich regions had lower LST, while coal mines had the highest temperatures. There was a positive relationship between mining land patch size and patch temperatures. This study underscores the need for vegetation restoration in mining areas, particularly abandoned sites, and sustainable mining practices to mitigate coal mining's warming effects.

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Acknowledgements

The authors express their appreciation to the US Geological Survey (USGS) for providing the satellite data utilized in this research. Furthermore, they extend their heartfelt gratitude to Mr. C. R. Akash and Mr. Aryamaan Basu Roy, students of IIIT Hyderabad, for their invaluable assistance in the final revision of the manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Indian Institute of Science Education and Research - Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal, 741246, India

    Shubham Bhagat

  2. Lab of Spatial Informatics, International Institute of Information Technology - Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500032, India

    P. Rama Chandra Prasad

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  1. Shubham Bhagat
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The first author implemented data analysis, interpretation, and manuscript writing, second author proposed and guided the work, and reviewed manuscript.

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Bhagat, S., Prasad, P.R.C. Assessing the impact of spatio-temporal land use and land cover changes on land surface temperature, with a major emphasis on mining activities in the state of Chhattisgarh, India. Spat. Inf. Res. 32, 339–355 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41324-023-00563-9

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