Abstract
This paper describes the development of a monitoring system capable of detecting the concentration of magnesium ions (Mg2+) released during the degradation of magnesium implants. The system consists of a microdialysis probe that samples fluid adjacent to the implant and a catalytic biosensor specific to Mg2+ ions. The biosensor was fabricated on a cotton fabric platform, in which a mixture of glycerol kinase and glycerol-3-phosphate oxidase enzymes was immobilized on the fabric device via a simple matrix entrapment technique of the cotton fibers. Pure magnesium was used as the implant material. Subsequently, the concentration of ions released from the degradation of the magnesium specimen in Ringer’s solution was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry technique. The device demonstrated a pseudo-linear response from 0.005 to 0.1 mmol L−1 with a slope of 67.48 μA mmol−1 L. Detectable interfering species were lesser than 1% indicating a high selectivity of the fabric device. Furthermore, the device requires only 3 μL of fluid sample to complete the measurement compared to spectroscopic method (±50 μL), hence providing a higher temporal resolution and reduced sampling time. The system could potentially provide a real time assessment of the degradation behavior, a new studied aspect in biodegradable metals research.
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This work was supported by the Malaysian Ministry of Education and the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC).
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Emma Corcoles received her PhD degree in bioengineering from the Imperial College London in 2009. She is now working at the Instituto de Microelectrónica de Barcelona, Spain. Her research interests include electrochemical catalytic biosensors, immunosensors and other analytical techniques fabricated using different technologies and on different platforms and materials.
Dedy Wicaksono received his PhD degree in microelectronics from Delft University of Technology in 2008. He is now a lecturer at Swiss German University, Tangerang, Indonesia. His specialties include sensor and transducer design, physical modelling by analytical and numerical methods, characterization setup design and implementation, and device material process and characterization.
Hendra Hermawan received his PhD degree in materials engineering from Laval University in 2009. After spending some academic years in Asia, he returned to Laval University in 2014 as assistant professor and also researcher at CHU de Québec Research Center, Québec, Canada. His research interests include biomaterials, biodegradable metals and corrosion.
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Su Natasha, M., Malon, R.S.P., Wicaksono, D.H.B. et al. Monitoring magnesium degradation using microdialysis and fabric-based biosensors. Sci. China Mater. 61, 643–651 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-017-9069-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40843-017-9069-3