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Effect of Friction Stir Welding Parameters on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of 2101 Duplex Stainless Steel in Simulated Body Fluid

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Abstract

This study examines the effect of various parameters of friction stir welding (FSW) on 2101 lean duplex stainless steel (LDSS) microstructural features, and corrosion properties in simulated body fluid (SBF) for possible biomedical applications. 2101 LDSS FSW joints were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to investigate changes to crystalline phases. The Corrosion behavior was evaluated in Ringer solution by Tafel potentiodynamic polarization (PDP), as well as by cyclic polarization (CP) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests. The microstructural observations show that the heat input was not high enough to form a heat affected zone (HAZ), with three separate zones identified around the weld zone. The three identified zones are: stir zone (SZ), thermomechanical affected zone (TMAZ) and base metal (BM). A positive linear correlation between the rotational speed and the corrosion resistance were detected, with the behavior related to the more balanced microstructure or to grain refinement.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq

    Ali Sabea Hammood

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran

    Mojtaba Esmailzadeh & Sayedeh Narjes Hosseini

  3. Department of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, Hamedan University of Technology, P.O. Box 65155/579, Hamedan, Iran

    Saeid Karimi

  4. Industrial Engineering Department (DII), University of Padova, Via Marzolo 9 int. 4, 35131, Padua, Italy

    Irene Calliari & Luca Pezzato

  5. Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    Rob Brittain

Authors
  1. Ali Sabea Hammood
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  2. Mojtaba Esmailzadeh
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  3. Sayedeh Narjes Hosseini
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Contributions

The corresponding author ME has guided the paper writing and contributed to data discussion and article revision. ASH, SNH and SK were responsible for writing, developing the experimental designs and measurements, and analyzing experimental results. IC, LP and RB assisted in data processing and paper revision.

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Correspondence to Mojtaba Esmailzadeh.

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Hammood, A.S., Esmailzadeh, M., Hosseini, S.N. et al. Effect of Friction Stir Welding Parameters on Microstructure and Corrosion Behavior of 2101 Duplex Stainless Steel in Simulated Body Fluid. Int. J. of Precis. Eng. and Manuf.-Green Tech. 10, 327–337 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40684-022-00440-0

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