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Metabolic cross-talk between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in high-intensity interval training vs. moderate-intensity continuous training by regulation of PGC-1α

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Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia, Bulimia and Obesity Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

An imbalance in the production of adipokines and myokines impairs the energy expenditure, increases adipocyte and develops metabolic pathologies. Physical exercise is able to regulate the secretion of myokines and adipokines. The present study considers the metabolic cross talk between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in high-intensity interval training vs. moderate-intensity continuous training by regulation of PGC-1α.

Methods

A sample of 32 male Wistar rats (8 weeks old with mean weight 250 ± 55 g) were divided into four groups randomly: control of base (CO), control of 8 weeks (CO8w), moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT). The rats were fed with standard chow diet. The CO group was killed at the start of the study and the CO8w group was kept alive for the same time as the experimental groups, but did not participate in any exercise. MICT and HIIT groups for 8 weeks were placed under the moderate-intensity continuous training (15–60 min, with speed of 15–30 m/min) and high-intensity interval training (8–4 intense period for 1 min, with speed of 28–55 m/min, with 3–7 slow-intensity period for 1 min, with a speed of 12–30 m/min) for 8 weeks, respectively. To measure the levels of serum irisin, nesfatin, and resistin the ELISA method was used and real-time PCR method was used to evaluate the relative expression of soleus PGC-1α gene mRNA.

Results

The levels of irisin and nesfatin significantly increased in the HIIT compared with control groups (p = 0.001). Resistin values in both training groups showed a significant decrease compared to the control groups (p = 0.005). The level of PGC-1α gene expression in both HIIT and MICT groups was significantly increased in comparison with the control groups (p = 0.001).

Discussion

The results showed that HIIT and MICT increase the transcription of the PGC-1α gene and possibly the increased expression of this gene after HIIT and MICT plays a central role in the secretion of skeletal muscle myokines and adipokines of adipose tissue.

Level of evidence

No Level of evidence: Animal study.

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Acknowledgements

This research study is a result of a research project approved by the Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, sponsored by the Sports Physiology Research Center.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Exercise Physiology Research Center, Life Style Institute, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Nosrati Alley, Sheikh Bahaei Street, Mollasadra Street, Vanak Square, 19395-5487, Tehran, Iran

    Hossein Shirvani & Ehsan Arabzadeh

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  1. Hossein Shirvani
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  2. Ehsan Arabzadeh
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Correspondence to Hossein Shirvani.

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The authors state that there is no conflict of interests in the present research study.

Ethical approval

The study protocol conformed to the Declaration of Helsinki and was approved by the Ethical Committee supervising procedures on experimental animals at Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences (Ethical cod#IR.BMSU.REC.1396.818).

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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Shirvani, H., Arabzadeh, E. Metabolic cross-talk between skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in high-intensity interval training vs. moderate-intensity continuous training by regulation of PGC-1α. Eat Weight Disord 25, 17–24 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0491-4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40519-018-0491-4

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