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Assessing the lubrication performance of various vegetable oil-based nano-cutting fluids via eco-friendly MQL technique in drilling of AISI 321 stainless steel

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Abstract

Although a lot has been done to enhance the machining performance of high strength materials, machining of these materials in an eco-friendly manner is still a challenge. Presently, researchers are actively working on MQL base cutting fluids to boost the heat transfer efficiency and lubricating capabilities of the cutting fluids with the application of nanoparticles. Therefore, the present study is focused on the exploration of cooling and lubrication capabilities of different vegetable oil-mixed nanofluids using different nanoparticles (i.e. Al2O3, MoS2, SiO2, CuO and graphene) in drilling under MQL technique. The main aim of the current research work is to compare the drilling performance of different cooling environments, viz. dry, flood, pure MQL (PMQL) and nanofluid MQL (NFMQL) with regard to drilling characteristics concerning the thrust force, torque, surface roughness, drill tip temperature and wear mechanism in drilling of AISI 321 stainless steel. The results obtained from the experiments confirm that NFMQL strategies have shown magnificent machining performance by improving machining characteristics. Among the nanofluids, 1.5 wt.% Al2O3 NFMQL cooling strategy delivered a superior cooling–lubricating effect and enhanced the machining characteristics followed by MoS2, SiO2, CuO and graphene NFMQL conditions. 1.5 wt.% Al2O3 NFMQL drilling had a thrust force, torque, surface roughness and drill tip temperature of 1035 N, 10.8 Nm, 2.902 µm and 56.5 °C, which reduced by 42.81, 64.7, 53.84 and 20.97%, respectively, than that obtained under flood drilling at 30th hole. Moreover, 1.5 wt.% Al2O3 NFMQL condition successfully drilled 30 holes with minimum wear of drill tool as compared to all other drilling conditions under study. The superior performance of Al2O3 NFMQL may be attributed to the fact that Al2O3 nanoparticles with soybean oil performed various tribological enhancement mechanism, i.e. self-repairing or mending mechanism, rolling or ball-bearing mechanism, polishing mechanism and tribo-film formation between the contacting surfaces, which enhance the drilling characteristics.

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It is certified that we have not received any funding from any agency for carrying out present research work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. GZS Campus College of Engineering & Technology, Bathinda, Punjab, 151001, India

    Amrit Pal

  2. Yadavindra College of Engineering, Punjabi University Guru Kashi Campus, Talwandi Sabo, Punjab, 151302, India

    Sukhpal Singh Chatha & Hazoor Singh Sidhu

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  1. Amrit Pal
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  2. Sukhpal Singh Chatha
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  3. Hazoor Singh Sidhu
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Contributions

All the authors have equally participated and worked as a team to complete this research work. Problem formulation, related literature review, fabrication of the experimental set-up and procurement of material, conducting of experimentation, testing, analysis of the results and writing—original draft are done by AP. Discussion on the idea, help in the procurement and arranging of the facilities, conducting of experimentation, analysis of the results, writing—review and editing, and whole process monitoring are done by SSC and HSS. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Amrit Pal.

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Pal, A., Chatha, S.S. & Sidhu, H.S. Assessing the lubrication performance of various vegetable oil-based nano-cutting fluids via eco-friendly MQL technique in drilling of AISI 321 stainless steel. J Braz. Soc. Mech. Sci. Eng. 44, 148 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-022-03442-w

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40430-022-03442-w

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