Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Supercapacitor performance of hollow carbon spheres by direct pyrolysis of melamine-formaldehyde resin spheres

  • Published:
Chemical Research in Chinese Universities Aims and scope

Abstract

The nitrogen and oxygen co-doped hollow carbon spheres(HCSs) were prepared via a simple pyrolysis of solid melamine-formaldhyde resin spheres. The carbonization temperature has an important influence on the specific surface area, pore-size distribution and heteroatom contents of HCSs. The synergistic effects of those physical and chemical properties on supercapacitor performance were systematically investigated. Among the HCSs obtained at different temperatures, HCSs-800(co-doped HCSs at 800 °C) exhibits the best reversible specific capacitance in 2 mol/L H2SO4 electrolyte and meanwhile maintains a high-class capacitance retention capability. The nitrogen heteroatoms were confirmed to play a crucial role in improving capacitance in an acid medium. This kind of nitrogen doped HCSs is a potential candidate for an efficient electrode material for supercapacitors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Winter M., Brodd R. J., Chem. Rev., 2004, 104, 4245

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Miller J. R., Simon P., Science, 2008, 321, 651

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Liu C., Li F., Ma L., Cheng H., Adv. Mater., 2010, 22, E28

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Wen Z., Li J., J. Mater. Chem., 2009, 19, 8707

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Lee K. T., Jung Y. S., Oh S. M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2003, 125, 5652

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Wang Y., Su F., Lee J. Y., Zhao X. S., Chem. Mater., 2006, 18, 1347

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Han S. G., Yun Y. K., Park K. W., Sung Y. E., Hyeon T., Adv. Mater., 2003, 15, 1922

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Lei Z., Chen Z., Zhao X. S., J. Phys. Chem. C, 2010, 114, 19867

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. You B., Yang J., Sun Y., Su Q., Chem. Commun., 2011, 47, 12364

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Zhang L. L., Zhao X. S., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2009, 38, 2520

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Hall P. J., Mirzaeian M., Fletcher I., Sillars F. B., Rennie A. J. R., Shitta-Bey G. O., Wilson G., Cruden A., Carter R., Energy Environ. Sci., 2010, 3, 1238

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Zhao L., Fan L. Z., Zhou M. Q., Guan H., Qiao S., Antonietti M., Titirici M. M., Adv. Mater., 2010, 22, 5202

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Zhang C., Long D., Xing B., Qiao W., Zhang R., Zhan L., Liang X., Ling L., Electrochemistry Communications, 2008, 10, 1809

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Hulicova-Jurcakova D., Puziy A. M., Poddubnaya O. I., Suarez-García F., Tascon J. M. D., Lu G. Q., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2009, 131, 5026

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Wang D., Li F., Chen Z., Lu G. Q., Cheng H., Chem. Mater., 2008, 20, 7195

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Xu B., Wu F., Chen S., Zhou Z., Cao G., Yang Y., Electrochimica Acta, 2009, 54, 2185

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Ania C. O., Khomenko V., Raymundo-Piñero E., Parra J. B., Béguin F., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2007, 17, 1828

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Hulicova-Jurcakova D., Kodama M., Shiraishi S., Hatori H., Zhu Z. H., Lu G. Q., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2009, 19, 1

    Google Scholar 

  19. Wang D., Li F., Yin L., Lu X., Chen Z., Gentle I. R., Lu G. Q., Cheng H., Chem. Eur. J., 2012, 18, 5345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Raymundo-Piñero E., Leroux F., Béguin F., Adv. Mater., 2006, 18, 1877

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Zhu H., Wang X., Yang F., Yang X., Adv. Mater., 2011, 23, 2745

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Hulicova-Jurcakova D., Seredych M., Lu G. Q., Bandosz T. J., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2009, 19, 438

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Seredych M., Hulicova-Jurcakova D., Lu G. Q., Bandosz T. J., Carbon, 2008, 46, 1475

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Ania C. O., Khomenko V., Raymundo-Piñero E., Parra J. B., Béguin F., Adv. Funct. Mater., 2007, 17, 1828

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Lu A., Kiefer A., Schmidt W., Schuth F., Chem. Mater., 2004, 16, 100

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Kim W., Joo J., Kim N., Oh S., Kim P., Yi J., Carbon, 2009, 47, 1407

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Lei Z., An L., Dang L., Zhao M., Shi J., Bai S., Cao Y., Micropor. Mesopor. Mater., 2009, 119, 30

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Yuan J., Giordano C., Antonietti M., Chem. Mater., 2010, 22, 5003

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Zhao L., Baccile N., Gross S., Zhang Y. J., Wei W., Sun Y. H., Antonietti M., Titirici M. M., Carbon, 2010, 48, 3778

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Dong Y., Nishiyama N., Kodama M., Egashira Y., Ueyama K., Carbon, 2009, 47, 2112

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Hulicova D., Kodama M., Hatori H., Chem. Mater., 2006, 18, 2318

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Hulicova D., Yamashita J., Soneda Y., Hatori H., Kodama M., Chem. Mater., 2005, 17, 1241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Long D., Zhang J., Yang J., Hu Z., Cheng G., Liu X., Zhang R., Zhan L., Qiao W., Ling L., Carbon, 2008, 46, 1253

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Lota G., Lota K., Frackowiak E., Electrochemistry Communications, 2007, 9, 1828

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Friedel B., Greulich-Weber S., Small, 2006, 2, 859

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Li W., Chen D., Li Z., Shi Y., Wan Y., Wang G., Jiang Z., Zhao D., Carbon, 2007, 45, 1757

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Ma F., Zhao H., Sun L., Li Q., Huo L., Xia T., Gao S., Pang G., Shi Z., Feng S., J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, 13464

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Yoon S. B., Chai G. S., Kang S. K., Yu J. S., Gierszal K. P., Jaroniec M., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2005, 127, 4188

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Paraknowitsch J. P., Zhang J., Su D. S., Thomas A., Antonietti M., Adv. Mater., 2010, 22, 87

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Choi C. H., Park S. H., Woo S. I., J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, 12107

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Silva R., Al-Sharab J., Asefa T., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2012, 51, 1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Sun H., Cao L., Lu L., Energy Environ. Sci., 2012, 5, 6206

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Wang G., Zhang L., Zhang J., Chem. Soc. Rev., 2012, 41, 797

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Candelaria S. L., Garcia B. B., Liu D., Cao G., J. Mater. Chem., 2012, 22, 9884

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Kwon T., Nishihara H., Itoi H., Yang Q., Kyotani T., Langmuir, 2009, 25, 11961

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Huang J., Sumpter B. G., Meunier V., Angew. Chem. Int. Ed., 2008, 47, 520

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Futaba D. N., Hata K., Yamada T., Hiraoka T., Hayamizu Y., Kakudate Y., Tanaike O., Hatori H., Yumura M., Iijima S., Nat. Mater., 2006, 5, 987

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Yang L., Cheng S., Ding Y., Zhu X., Wang Z. L., Liu M., Nano Lett., 2012, 12, 321

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Vaquero S., Díaz R., Anderson M., Palma J., Marcilla R., Electrochimica Acta, 2012, 86, 241

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Chmiola J., Yushin G., Dash R., Gogotsi Y., Journal of Power Sources, 2006, 158, 765

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Barbieri O., Hahn M., Herzog A., Kötz R., Carbon, 2005, 43, 1303

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Material Science, Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang Harbin, 150080, P. R. China

    Fang-wei Ma, Li-ping Sun, Hui Zhao, Qiang Li, Li-hua Huo, Tian Xia & Shan Gao

  2. Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process & Technology for High-efficiency Conversion of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Heilongjiang Harbin, 150080, P. R. China

    Fang-wei Ma

Authors
  1. Fang-wei Ma
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Li-ping Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Hui Zhao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Qiang Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Li-hua Huo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Tian Xia
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Shan Gao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Hui Zhao.

Additional information

Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51072048, 51102083), the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province, China(Nos.JC201211, B201107) and the Program for Science and Technology Project of Heilongjiang Province, China(No.WB10A204).

Electronic supplementary material

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Ma, Fw., Sun, Lp., Zhao, H. et al. Supercapacitor performance of hollow carbon spheres by direct pyrolysis of melamine-formaldehyde resin spheres. Chem. Res. Chin. Univ. 29, 735–742 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40242-013-3181-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40242-013-3181-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation