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An Update on the Role of Common Genetic Variation Underlying Substance Use Disorders

  • Neurogenetics and Psychiatric Genetics (C Cruchaga and C Karch, Section Editors)
  • Published:
Current Genetic Medicine Reports Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose of the Review

Sample size increases have resulted in novel and replicable loci for substance use disorders (SUDs). We summarize some of the latest insights into SUD genetics and discuss next steps for the field.

Recent Findings

Genome-wide association studies have substantiated the role of previously known variants (e.g., rs1229984 in ADH1B for alcohol) and identified several novel loci for alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, opioid, and cocaine use disorders. SUDs are genetically correlated with psychiatric outcomes, while liability to substance use is inconsistently associated with these outcomes and more closely associated with lifestyle factors. Specific variant associations appear to differ somewhat across populations, although similar genes and systems are implicated.

Summary

The next decade of human genetic studies of addiction should focus on expanding to non-European populations, consider pleiotropy across SUDs and with other psychiatric disorders, and leverage human and cross-species functional data to elucidate the biological mechanisms underlying SUDs.

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Funding

ECJ was funded by NIAAA (F32AA027435), and AA was funded by NIMH (MH109532) and NIDA (K02DA32573). ECJ is also supported by grant YIG-0-064-18 from the American Foundation for Suicide Prevention. Dr. Chang reports a grant stipend from Washington University in St. Louis (Division of Biology and Biological Sciences) during the conduct of the study.

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  1. Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S. Euclid CB 8134, Saint Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Emma C. Johnson & Arpana Agrawal

  2. Division of Biology and Biomedical Sciences, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, MO, USA

    Yoonhoo Chang

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Johnson, E.C., Chang, Y. & Agrawal, A. An Update on the Role of Common Genetic Variation Underlying Substance Use Disorders. Curr Genet Med Rep 8, 35–46 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40142-020-00184-w

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