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Wound dressing using graphene quantum dots: a proof of concept

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Abstract

Purpose

The costs and complexity related to effective wound healing treatment are immense. The number of multifactorial aspects related to the treatment of wounds (inflammation, infection, and many others) implies a complex multi-therapeutic approach involving various procedures, including medication and surgery. Regarding medication, there are only a few options, especially to treat chronic wounds. Recently graphene quantum dots have been applied for their potent antimicrobial properties as well as their significant tissue remodeling properties. In this study, we developed a formulation based on graphene quantum dots in the form of as a dry powder for wound healing.

Methods

Graphene quantum dots were produced by top-down technique using graphite as matrix, and fully characterized by Raman spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. The dry powder formulation was produced under aseptic conditions and evaluated in vitro and in vivo.

Results

The results showed that the formulation improved the healing process in both: in vitro and in vivo, with good adherence, healing time and tissue reconstruction. Finally, the results demonstrated that dry powder was very effective against P. aeruginosa, S. epidermidis, C. albicans and C. tropicalis, representing an improvement for wound healing purposes.

Conclusion

The data corroborated the use of the dry powder formulation using graphene quantum dots as matrix as wound dressing, expanding the use of graphene quantum in the biomedical field.

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Data availability

All data are available on request to the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

This study was funded by Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of Rio de Janeiro State (FAPERJ) (Cientista do Nosso Estado: E-26/200.815/2021; Rede NanoSaude: E-26/010.000981/2019, Pesquisa na UEZO: E-26/010.002362/2019; Temáticos: E-26/211.269/2021, Infraestrutura e Pesquisa na UEZO e UERJ: E-26//211.207/2021, Bolsa de Pós-doutorado Senior (PDS): E-26/202.320/2021) CNPq (Bolsa de Produtividade 1B: 301069/2018-2) to Ralph Santos-Oliveira.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Nanoradiopharmaceuticals and Synthesis of Novel Radiopharmaceuticals, Brazilian Nuclear Energy Commission, Nuclear Engineering Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941906, Brazil

    Vanessa Gonzalez Ferreira Caminha Martins, Aline Oliveira da Silva de Barros & Ralph Santos-Oliveira

  2. Department of Physics, Laboratory of Biophysics and Nanosystems, Federal University of Maranhão, Maranhão, 65080-805, Brazil

    Luciana Magalhaes Rebelo Alencar

  3. Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Laboratory of Plant Defense Proteins, Federal University of Ceará, Ceará, CE, 60451, Brazil

    Pedro Filho Noronha Souza

  4. Laboratory for Advanced Studies of Emerging and Resistant Microorganisms (LEAMER), Department of General Microbiology Paulo de Góes (IMPG), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941902, Brazil

    Carolinne Margot Albanez Lorentino, Heloisa Freire Frota & Andre Luis Souza dos Santos

  5. Graduate Program in Biochemistry, Chemistry Institute, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941902, Brazil

    Heloisa Freire Frota & Andre Luis Souza dos Santos

  6. Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-902, Brazil

    Sara Gemini-Piperni

  7. Department of Cell Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brazil

    Veronica Morandi

  8. Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health (IPTSP), Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiás, Goiânia, Brasil

    Vinicius Gonçalves Rodrigues & Jonathas Xavier Pereira

  9. Laboratory of Nanomedicine, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, 21941902, Brazil

    Eduardo Ricci-Junior

  10. Laboratory of Radiopharmacy and Nanoradiopharmaceuticals, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, 2320000, Brazil

    Ralph Santos-Oliveira

Authors
  1. Vanessa Gonzalez Ferreira Caminha Martins
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  2. Luciana Magalhaes Rebelo Alencar
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  3. Pedro Filho Noronha Souza
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  4. Carolinne Margot Albanez Lorentino
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  5. Heloisa Freire Frota
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  6. Andre Luis Souza dos Santos
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  7. Sara Gemini-Piperni
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  8. Veronica Morandi
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  9. Vinicius Gonçalves Rodrigues
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  10. Jonathas Xavier Pereira
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  11. Eduardo Ricci-Junior
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  12. Aline Oliveira da Silva de Barros
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  13. Ralph Santos-Oliveira
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Contributions

VGFCM: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Data Curation. LMRA: Formal Analysis, Software, Validation. PFNS: Formal Analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data Curation. CMAL: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal Analysis. HFF: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal Analysis. ALSdS: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Funding Acquisition, Writing—Original Draft. SG-P: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal Analysis.VM: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Funding Acquisition, Writing—Original Draft. VGR: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal Analysis. JXP: Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal Analysis. ER-J: Conceptualization, Methodology, Investigation, Funding Acquisition, Writing—Original Draft. AOdSdB: Conceptualization, Methodology, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data Curation, Visualization, Supervision, RS-O: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Validation, Formal Analysis, Investigation, Resources, Data Curation, Visualization, Supervision, Funding Acquisition, Writing—Original Draft.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ralph Santos-Oliveira.

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Conflict of interest

All authors (V.G.F.C. Martins, L.M.R. Alencar, P.F.N. Souza, C.M.A. Lorentino, H.F. Frota, A.L.S. dos Santos, S. Gemini‑Piperni, V. Morandi, V.G. Rodrigues, J.X. Pereira, E. Ricci‑Junior, A.O.S. de Barros, and R. Santos‑Oliveira) declare no conflicts of interest.

Ethical approval

All procedures were approved by the Zona Oeste State University Animal Care and Use Committee (Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; protocol number CEUA 8059100220/2021), and were consistent with United States National Institute of Health Guide for Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (National Research Council, 1996).

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Martins, V.G.F.C., Alencar, L.M.R., Souza, P.F.N. et al. Wound dressing using graphene quantum dots: a proof of concept. J. Pharm. Investig. 53, 333–342 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40005-023-00612-3

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