Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

A novel one-step microemulsion method for preparation of quercetin encapsulated poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Iranian Polymer Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

A series of drug-loaded poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) nanoparticles were prepared and studied as controlled release carrier of quercetin drug using a simple one-step differential microemulsion method. The polymer carriers were prepared in different monomer/surfactant ratios. The encapsulated PMMA nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy analysis. The particle size was obtained below 10 nm with spherical shape and narrow size distribution. In vitro drug release studies were performed using a dissolution medium such as sodium phosphate buffer saline simulating body fluids. Based on a full factorial 32 experimental design, nine formulations for quercetin-loaded PMMA nanoparticles were prepared and the molar ratio of monomer/surfactant and amount of initiator were considered as independent variables, while the encapsulation efficiency, solid content and drug release were taken into account as responses. Based on ANOVA analysis, with desirability factor of 0.952, the software F3 was suggested as an optimized formulation. This formulation was composed using a monomer/surfactant molar ratio of 3 and initiator amount of 0.02 g as independent variables, while the amounts of 71.10, 25.34, and 61.54%, in the order given, for encapsulation efficiency, solid content and drug release, were obtained as responses. To estimate release mechanism, the obtained cumulative release data were fitted to zero-order, first-order, Higuchi and Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic models. In vitro release experiments in all cases revealed that the controlled release behavior followed from Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model exhibited non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. Consequently, this research offers useful pharmaceutical carriers with the purpose of providing prolonged release for targeting delivery.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. D’Andrea G (2015) Quercetin: a flavonol with multifaceted therapeutic applications? Fitoterapia 106:256–271

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Chen X, Lee DS, Zhu X, Yam KL (2012) Release kinetics of tocopherol and quercetin from binary antioxidant controlled-release packaging films. J Agric Food Chem 60:3492–3497

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Chondrogianni N, Kapeta S, Chinou I, Vassilatou K, Papassideri I, Gonos ES (2010) Anti-ageing and rejuvenating effects of quercetin. Exp Gerontol 45:763–771

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Guazelli CF, Fattori V, Colombo BB, Georgetti SR, Vicentini FT, Casagrande R, Baracat MM, Verri WA Jr (2013) Quercetin-loaded microcapsules ameliorate experimental colitis in mice by anti-inflammatory and antioxidant mechanisms. J Nat Prod 76:200–208

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Sen G, Mandal S, Roy SS, Mukhopadhyay S, Biswas T (2005) Therapeutic use of quercetin in the control of infection and anemia associated with visceral leishmaniasis. Free Radic Biol Med 38:1257–1264

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Kumar VD, Verma PRP, Singh SK (2015) Development and evaluation of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles for the effective delivery of quercetin using a quality by design approach. LWT Food Sci Technol 61:330–338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Kumari A, Yadav SK, Yadav SC (2010) Biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles based drug delivery systems. ‎Colloids Surf B 75:1–18

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Feuser PE, Bubniak LS, Bodack CN, Valério A, Silva MCS, Ricci-Junior E, Sayer C, Araujo PHH (2016) In vitro cytotoxicity of poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles and nanocapsules obtained by miniemulsion polymerization for drug delivery application. J Nanosci Nanotechnol 16:7669–7676

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Siafaka PI, Barmpalexis P, Lazaridou M, Papageorgiou GZ, Koutris E, Karavas E, Kostoglou M, Bikiaris DN (2015) Controlled release formulations of risperidone antipsychotic drug in novel aliphatic polyester carriers: data analysis and modelling. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 94:473–484

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Liu L, Tang Y, Gao C, Li Y, Chen S, Xiong T, Li J, Du M, Gong Z, Chen H, Liu L (2014) Characterization and biodistribution in vivo of quercetin-loaded cationic nanostructured lipid carriers. Colloids Surf B 115:125–131

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Vicentini FT, Simi TR, Del Ciampo JO, Wolga NO, Pitol DL, Iyomasa MM, Bentley MVL, Fonseca MJ (2008) Quercetin in w/o microemulsion: in vitro and in vivo skin penetration and efficacy against UVB-induced skin damages evaluated in vivo. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 69:948–957

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Jain AK, Thanki K, Jain S (2013) Co-encapsulation of tamoxifen and quercetin in polymeric nanoparticles: implications on oral bioavailability, antitumor efficacy, and drug-induced toxicity. Mol Pharm 10:3459–3474

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Kajbafvala A, Salabat A, Salimi A (2017) Formulation, characterization and in-vitro/ex-vivo evaluation of quercetin-loaded microemulsion for topical application. Pharm Dev Technol. doi:10.1080/10837450.2016.1263995

  14. Penkina A, Semjonov K, Hakola M, Vuorinen S, Repo T, Yliruusi J, Aruväli J, Kogermann K, Veski P, Heinämäki J (2016) Towards improved solubility of poorly water-soluble drugs: cryogenic co-grinding of piroxicam with carrier polymers. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 42:378–388

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Kumar S, Kumar D, Dilbaghi N (2017) Preparation, characterization, and bio-efficacy evaluation of controlled release carbendazim-loaded polymeric nanoparticles. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24:926–937

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Desbief S, Hergué N, Douhéret O, Surin M, Dubois P, Geerts Y, Lazzaroni R, Leclère P (2012) Nanoscale investigation of the electrical properties in semiconductor polymer–carbon nanotube hybrid materials. Nanoscale 4:2705–2712

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Huang H, Liu Y, Lee ST, Kang Z (2012) Polymer (polyanilines) nanoparticles: a superior catalyst for hydrocarbon selective oxidation. J Mater Chem 22:337–340

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Chaurasia S, Chaubey P, Patel RR, Kumar N, Mishra B (2016) Curcumin-polymeric nanoparticles against colon-26 tumor-bearing mice: cytotoxicity, pharmacokinetic and anticancer efficacy studies. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 42:694–700

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Ozsagiroglu E, Guvenilir YA (2016) Production of polycaprolactone–polyethylene glycol–sodium alginate biocomposites for spray drying encapsulation of l-ascorbic acid. Iran Polym J 25:757–763

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Yuan L, Wang Y, Pan M, Rempel GL, Pan Q (2013) Synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles via differential microemulsion polymerization. Eur Polym J 49:41–48

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bettencourt A, Almeida AJ (2012) Poly(methyl methacrylate) particulate carriers in drug delivery. J Microencapsul 29:353–367

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Ahlin Grabnar P, Kristl J (2011) The manufacturing techniques of drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles from preformed polymers. J Microencapsul 28:323–335

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Jaworek A, Sobczyk AT (2008) Electrospraying route to nanotechnology: an over-view. J Electrost 66:197–219

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. He G, Pan Q, Rempel GL (2003) Synthesis of poly(methyl methacrylate) nanosize particles by differential microemulsion polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 24:585–588

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Mirhoseini F, Salabat A (2015) Ionic liquid based microemulsion method for the fabrication of poly(methyl methacrylate)–TiO2 nanocomposite as a highly efficient visible light photocatalyst. RSC Adv 5:12536–12545

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Qian Q, Huang Z, Zhang X, Yuan G (2011) Formation of a “hard microemulsion” and its role in controllable synthesis of nanoparticles within a functional polymer matrix. Langmuir 28:736–740

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Yang B (2014) Investigation of AGET-ATRP of methyl methacrylate in surface-active ionic liquid microemulsions. Iran Polym J 23:87–92

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Camli ST, Buyukserin F, Balci O, Budak GG (2010) Size controlled synthesis of sub-100 nm monodisperse poly(methylmethacrylate) nanoparticles using surfactant-free emulsion polymerization. J Colloid Interface Sci 344:528–532

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Salabat A, Mirhoseini F, Mahdieh M, Saydi H (2015) A novel nanotube-shaped polypyrrole–Pd composite prepared using reverse microemulsion polymerization and its evaluation as an antibacterial agent. New J Chem 39:4109–4114

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Chen W, Liu X, Liu Y, Bang Y, Kim HI (2010) Synthesis of PMMA and PMMA/PS nanoparticles by microemulsion polymerization with a new vapor monomer feeding system. Colloids Surf A 364:145–150

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Wang H, Pan Q, Rempel GL (2011) Micellar nucleation differential microemulsion polymerization. Eur Polym J 47:973–980

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Srinivas K, King JW, Howard LR, Monrad JK (2010) Solubility and solution thermodynamic properties of quercetin and quercetin dihydrate in subcritical water. J Food Eng 100:208–218

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Natarajan V, Krithica N, Madhan B, Sehgal PK (2011) Formulation and evaluation of quercetin polycaprolactone microspheres for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. J Pharm Sci 100:195–205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Ouzineb K, Graillat C, McKenna TF (2005) High-solid-content emulsions. V. Applications of miniemulsions to high solids and viscosity control. J Appl Polym Sci 97:745–752

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Zhang LI, Zhang C, Li G (2007) Synthesis and properties of copolymer microemulsions of siloxane and acrylate with a high solid content. J Appl Polym Sci 104:851–857

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Singh B, Chakkal SK, Ahuja N (2006) Formulation and optimization of controlled release mucoadhesive tablets of atenolol using response surface methodology. AAPS Pharm Sci Tech 7:E19–E28

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Ferriz-Mañas M, Schlenoff JB (2014) Zeta potential of polyelectrolyte multilayers using the spinning disk method. Langmuir 30:8776–8783

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Shah VP, Elkins J, Skelly JP (1992) Relationship between in vivo skin blanching and in vitro release rate for betamethasone valerate creams. J Pharm Sci 81:104–106

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Hazra C, Kundu D, Chatterjee A, Chaudhari A, Mishra S (2014) Poly(methyl methacrylate)(core)–biosurfactant (shell) nanoparticles: size controlled sub-100 nm synthesis, characterization, antibacterial activity, cytotoxicity and sustained drug release behavior. Colloid Surf A 449:96–113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Salabat A, Saydi H (2014) Microemulsion route to fabrication of silver and platinum–polymer nanocomposites. Polym Compos 35:2023–2028

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Sajjadi S (2009) Population balance modeling of particle size distribution in monomer-starved semi-batch emulsion polymerization. AlChE J 55:3191–3205

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Hassanzadeh F, Maaleki S, Varshosaz J, Khodarahmi GA, Farzan M, Rostami M (2016) Thermosensitive folic acid-targeted poly(ethylene-co-vinyl alcohol) hemisuccinate polymeric nanoparticles for delivery of epirubicin to breast cancer cells. Iran Polym J 25:967–976

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. El-Naggar ME, El-Rafie MH, El-Sheikh MA, El-Feky GS, Hebeish A (2015) Synthesis, characterization, release kinetics and toxicity profile of drug-loaded starch nanoparticles. Int J Biol Macromol 81:718–729

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Reis CP, Neufeld RJ, Ribeiro AJ, Veiga F (2006) Nanoencapsulation I. Methods for preparation of drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles. Nanomedicine 2:8–21

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Liang M, Davies NM, Toth I (2008) Increasing entrapment of peptides within poly(alkyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles prepared from water-in-oil microemulsions by copolymerization. Int J Pharm 362:141–146

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Guptak MK, Bajpai J, Bajpai AK (2016) Optimizing the release process and modelling of in vitro release data of cis-dichlorodiamminoplatinum(II) encapsulated into poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) nanocarriers. Mater Sci Eng C 58:852–862

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Peppas NA, Narasimhan B (2014) Mathematical models in drug delivery: how modeling has shaped the way we design new drug delivery systems. J Control Release 190:75–81

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

The financial support from Arak University Research Council is gratefully acknowledged (Grant no. 93-14365).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arāk, 38156-8-8349, Iran

    Azar Kajbafvala & Alireza Salabat

  2. Institute of Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, Arak University, Arāk, 38156-8-8349, Iran

    Alireza Salabat

Authors
  1. Azar Kajbafvala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alireza Salabat
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Alireza Salabat.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors report no conflicts of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kajbafvala, A., Salabat, A. A novel one-step microemulsion method for preparation of quercetin encapsulated poly(methyl methacrylate) nanoparticles. Iran Polym J 26, 651–662 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-017-0550-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13726-017-0550-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation