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Identification of floral aromatic volatile compounds in 29 cultivars from four groups of Osmanthus fragrans by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

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Abstract

Osmanthus fragrans Lour. is a popular aromatic ornamental plant and its flowers are used to enhance the color and fragrance of food. In this study, we analyzed the volatiles of 29 cultivars from all four groups of O. fragrans using a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). We identified 41 volatile organic components that were distributed over five different compound classes, with the majority of the volatile components being dominated by alcohols, ketones, and terpenes, which accounted for 56.6–95.06% of the total volatiles in all tested materials except ‘Zao Yingui’. In ‘Zao Yingui’, alcohols, ketones, and terpenes accounted for only 48.19% of the total volatiles. The diversity of the volatile compounds and their relative contents varied among the four groups and cultivars within each group. The major volatile compounds were α-ionone, β-ionone, 2H-β-ionone, linalool, trans-linalool oxide, cis-linalool oxide, epoxy linalool, geraniol (Z)-ocimene, and γ-decalactone in all tested cultivars, while nerol and (Z)-3-hexenyl butanoic acid ester were abundant in several cultivars. The 29 cultivars were classified into five clusters in a hierarchical cluster analysis based on their floral volatile compounds. The cultivars of different sexes (male vs. hermaphrodite) had no significant differences in the relative contents of the major volatile compounds. This study provides valuable information for understanding the chemical composition of the volatile compounds of O. fragrans flowers as well as a theoretical basis for the origin, development, and application of modern cultivars of O. fragrans.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. LY19C160002 and LY19C160006), Zhejiang Provincial Major Program of New Cultivar Breeding (Grant No. 2016C02056-12), Foundation of Zhejiang Educational Committee (Y201533133) and China Scholarship Council (201808330145 and 201808330146).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ornamental Horticulture, School of Landscape Architecture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an, 311300, China

    Jianxin Fu, Yiguang Wang, Chao Zhang, Zhiyi Bao & Hongbo Zhao

  2. Nurturing Station for State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University, Lin’an, 311300, China

    Dan Hou & Hongbo Zhao

  3. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310018, China

    Shaoqing Hu

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  1. Jianxin Fu
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  2. Dan Hou
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  3. Yiguang Wang
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  4. Chao Zhang
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  5. Zhiyi Bao
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  6. Hongbo Zhao
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  7. Shaoqing Hu
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Correspondence to Hongbo Zhao.

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Communicated by So-Young Park, Ph.D.

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Fu, J., Hou, D., Wang, Y. et al. Identification of floral aromatic volatile compounds in 29 cultivars from four groups of Osmanthus fragrans by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Hortic. Environ. Biotechnol. 60, 611–623 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13580-019-00153-5

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