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A comparative study on the adsorption of toxic cationic dyes by Judas tree (Cercis siliquastrum) seeds

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Abstract

Cercis siliquastrum seeds were used for the adsorption of the basic dyes namely basic blue 9 and basic green 4 from the wastewater. Adsorption experiments were conducted under various conditions including different temperatures (25, 35, and 45 °C), pH (2–12), contact time (0–180 min), adsorbent amount (0.2–4.0 g/L), and concentration (10–50 mg/L). The adsorption processes were applied to various isotherms such as Freundlich, Langmuir, Dubinin-Radushkevich, and Harkins–Jura. Furthermore, different adsorption kinetic models including pseudo-first-order, pseudo-second-order, Boyd, and intraparticle diffusion were studied to comprehend the mechanism of the adsorption of the dyes. The results illustrated that the adsorption was best described by the Langmuir (r2 = 0.9949 for basic blue 9 dye and r2 = 0.9939 for basic green 4 dye at 25 °C). From the Langmuir isotherm, the qm value of basic blue 9 was found as 500.0 mg/g whereas those of basic green 4 was found as 243.9 mg/g at 25 °C. According to the thermodynamic parameters, it was determined that the adsorption process occurred endothermically and spontaneously for basic blue 9 and basic green 4 dyes. Considering the capacity of adsorption for both dyes, this study suggests that Cercis siliquastrum seeds are low-cost and environmentally friendly materials for the effective adsorption of basic dyes.

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Funding

This work was supported by Yildiz Technical University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Department (Grant Number [FBA-2021–4128]).

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  1. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Yildiz Technical University, Esenler, Istanbul, 34220, Turkey

    Birol Isik, Volkan Ugraskan, Fatih Cakar & Ozlem Yazici

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Conceptualization: Birol Isik, Volkan Ugraskan, Fatih Cakar, Ozlem Yazici; Methodology: Birol Isik, Volkan Ugraskan, Fatih Cakar, Ozlem Yazici; Formal analysis and investigation: Birol Isik, Volkan Ugraskan; Writing—original draft preparation: Birol Isik, Volkan Ugraskan, Fatih Cakar, Ozlem Yazici; Writing—review and editing: Birol Isik, Volkan Ugraskan, Fatih Cakar, Ozlem Yazici; Funding acquisition: Ozlem Yazici; Resources: Birol Isik, Volkan Ugraskan, Fatih Cakar, Ozlem Yazici; Supervision: Ozlem Yazici.

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Isik, B., Ugraskan, V., Cakar, F. et al. A comparative study on the adsorption of toxic cationic dyes by Judas tree (Cercis siliquastrum) seeds. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 14, 6709–6723 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-022-02679-8

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