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Solid-state fermentation as an alternative technology for cost-effective production of bioethanol as useful renewable energy: a review

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Abstract

The ever-increasing population of the world, extended urbanization/industrialization in developing countries, improvements in quality of life, and increasing oil prices have accelerated the need for sustainable energy sources. Among different alternatives, biofuels in general and bioethanol in particular are promising sustainable and eco-friendly energy sources. However, cheap feedstocks and new production technologies are required to make bioethanol economically comparable with traditional fossil fuels. An efficient, cost-effective, and promising technology is solid-state fermentation (SSF) in which microorganisms grow on the surface of solid materials in the absence of free water resulting in elimination of sugar extraction process and less wastewater production, which in turn yields lower distillation and purification costs. Furthermore, SSF is a well-established technology for production of different enzymes. This potential of SSF makes it an appropriate process for enzymatic pretreatment and hydrolysis of substrates and subsequent bioethanol production. This review gives an overview of the applications of SSF in every step of bioethanol production; compares its efficiency and feasibility with the submerged fermentation process; and for brevity of exposition, highlights the great promise of this technology for sustainable and cost-effective bioethanol production.

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Abbreviations

SSF:

Solid-state fermentation

SmF:

Submerged fermentation

IEO:

International Energy Outlook

EIA:

Energy Information Administration

WTI:

West Texas Intermediate

CCSSF:

Consolidated continuous solid-state fermentation

LiP:

Lignin peroxidase

MnP:

Manganese peroxidase

CMCase:

Carboxy methyl cellulase

FPu:

Filter paper unit

IU:

International unit

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Quchan University of Technology, Quchan, Iran

    Fatemeh Karimi & Mojtaba Saei Moghaddam

  2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing, 210037, China

    Davood Mazaheri & Yasin Orooji

  3. Faculty of Engineering , Mahallat Institute of Higher Education, Mahallat, Iran

    Davood Mazaheri

  4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Mataei Moghaddam

  5. Institute of Systems and Robotics, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Coimbra, Polo II, 3030-290, Coimbra, Portugal

    Afsaneh L. Sanati

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  1. Fatemeh Karimi
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  2. Davood Mazaheri
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  3. Mojtaba Saei Moghaddam
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  4. Ali Mataei Moghaddam
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  5. Afsaneh L. Sanati
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  6. Yasin Orooji
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Correspondence to Fatemeh Karimi or Davood Mazaheri.

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Karimi, F., Mazaheri, D., Saei Moghaddam, M. et al. Solid-state fermentation as an alternative technology for cost-effective production of bioethanol as useful renewable energy: a review. Biomass Conv. Bioref. (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01875-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01875-2

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