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Process optimization and mathematical modelling of photo-fermentative hydrogen production from dark fermentative cheese whey effluent by Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001 in 2-L cylindrical bioreactor

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Abstract

In this study, organic acids present in dark fermentative cheese whey effluent (DFCWE) were utilized to produce biological hydrogen via photo fermentation by R. sphaeroides O.U.001 cells in 2-L double-walled cylindrical PBR with a working volume of 1.5 L. Plackett-Burman design-based analysis revealed organic acid concentration (OA), temperature, and light intensity as the most significant variables. Experiments were performed at different conditions of (OA, 8–16 g L−1), temperature (25–37 °C), and light intensity (8–12 klx). Optimum values were obtained by Box-Behnken design matrix (BBD) based on the impact on hydrogen production rate (HPR) and under optimum values (OA concentration, 12 g L−1; temperature, 31 °C; and light intensity, 10 klx); HPR of 41.94 mL L−1 h−1 was obtained, which lies in close proximity with the predicted production rate of 41.65 mL L−1 h−1 with the correlation coefficient (R2) and coefficient of variance as 0.9801 and 0.0521, respectively. PBR performance for treating DFCWE was checked by performing mathematical modelling using four models. Kinetic study of DFCWE consumption and growth profile of the bacterial cell were investigated by fitting experimental values into Monod and logistic equations, respectively. Parameters of the modified Gompertz equation and Luedeking-Piret models gave proper simulated fitting with experimental H2 production obtained under optimized bioprocess variables. Metabolite analysis revealed that acetic and lactic acids were utilized to produce biohydrogen under uncontrolled pH. Findings of the current investigation could be a promising strategy for obtaining better hydrogen productivity in photo fermentation.

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Acknowledgements

The first author, Raman Rao, wishes to thank the Ministry of Human Resource & Development, under the aegis of the Government of India for providing the fellowship. The authors are indebted to the Dr. B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar (India) for providing continuous support and facilities to carry out the present research.

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Dr. B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology Jalandhar, Jalandhar, 144011, India

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Contributions

RR: visualization, investigation, data curation, software, formal analysis, writing original draft. NB: conceptualization, project administration, methodology, supervision, investigation, and writing—review and editing.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nitai Basak.

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The authors declare no potential conflicts of interest concerning the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.

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Highlights

• Batch hydrogen production from dark fermentative cheese whey effluent in 2-L double-walled cylindrical photobioreactor;

• Total organic acid concentration, temperature, and light intensity affect hydrogen production rate;

• Fermentation experiment was designed using Box-Behnken design of RSM;

• Optimal hydrogen production rate was 41.65 mL L-1 h-1 at total organic acid concentration of 12 g L-1, temperature 31 °C, and light intensity 10 klx;

• Modelling of photo fermentation by unstructured models at statistically optimized variables gave satisfactory fitting with experimental data;

• Statistical and mathematical modelling of biohydrogen production may provide useful insights for waste to hydrogen endeavors.

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Rao, R., Basak, N. Process optimization and mathematical modelling of photo-fermentative hydrogen production from dark fermentative cheese whey effluent by Rhodobacter sphaeroides O.U.001 in 2-L cylindrical bioreactor. Biomass Conv. Bioref. 13, 3929–3952 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01377-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-021-01377-1

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