Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Clinical cases, drug resistance, and virulence genes profiling in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli

  • Microbial Genetics • Original Paper
  • Published:
Journal of Applied Genetics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) as the most important bacterial agent of urinary tract infections (UTIs) encompasses a wide treasure of virulence genes and factors. In due to this default, the aim of this research was to detect and identify some important virulence genes including cnf1, upaH, hlyA, ibeA, and cdtB in isolated UPEC pathotypes. In this research, clinical samples of urine were collected in Shahr-e-Qods, Tehran, Iran. The UPEC pathotypes were confirmed by standard biochemical tests. The DNAs of isolated bacteria were extracted. The genes of cnf1, upaH, hlyA, ibeA, and cdtB were run for multiplex PCR and gel electrophoresis. Furthermore, the antibiogram was done for the isolated UPEC strains by 11 common antibiotics. In accordance with the results, the virulence genes of cnf1, upaH, hlyA, ibeA, and cdtB were respectively recognized in 100%, 51.2%, 38.4%, 9.3%, and 0% of isolated UPEC pathotypes. In consequence, the final virulence gene profiling of the isolated UPEC strains was patterned as cnf1, cnf1-upaH, cnf1-upaH-hlyA, and cnf1-upaH-hlyA-ibeA. The chi-square tests showed no significant correlations between virulence gene profile and UTIs, between virulence gene profile and antibiotic resistance, and between virulence genes and different types of UTIs. The cnf1 virulence gene contributes in the occurrence of all types of UTIs. In contrast to cnf1, the cdtB gene was absent in the isolated UPEC strains in this investigation. The most ineffective antibiotics were recognized as Penicillin, Tetracycline, and Nalidixic acid, respectively, while Streptomycin, Chloramphenicol, and Ciprofloxacin are the best options for UTIs treatment.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Allsopp LP, Totsika M, Tree JJ, Ulett GC, Mabbett AN, Wells TJ et al (2010) UpaH is a newly identified autotransporter protein that contributes to biofilm formation and bladder colonization by uropathogenic Escherichia coli CFT073. Infect Immun 78(4):1659–1669

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asadi S, Kargar M, Solhjoo K, Najafi A, Ghorbani-Dalini S (2014) The association of virulence determinants of uropathogenic Escherichia coli with antibiotic resistance. Jundishapur J Microbiol 7(5)

  • Behzadi P (2018a) Uropathogenic Escherichia coli and fimbrial adhesins virulome. In: Jarzembowski T, Daca A, Dębska-Ślizień MA (eds) Urinary tract infection–the result of the strength of the pathogen, or the weakness of the host. InTechOpen, Croatia, pp 65–83

    Google Scholar 

  • Behzadi P (2018b) Introductory chapter: an overview on urinary tract infections, pathogens, and risk factors. In: Behzadi P (ed) Microbiology of urinary tract infections: microbial agents and predisposing factors. InTechOpen, Croatia

    Google Scholar 

  • Behzadi P (2019) Classical chaperone-usher (CU) adhesive fimbriome: uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) and urinary tract infections (UTIs). Folia Microbiol:1–21

  • Behzadi P, Behzadi E (2008) The microbial agents of urinary tract infections at central laboratory of Dr. Shariati Hospital, Tehran, Iran. Turk Klin Tip Bilim 28(4):445–449

    Google Scholar 

  • Behzadi P, Behzadi E (2012) Study of microbial biochemical reactions in bacteriology laboratories, 1st edn. Persian Science & Research Publisher, Tehran

    Google Scholar 

  • Behzadi E, Behzadi P (2016) The role of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in urinary tract infections (UTIs). Cent Eur J Urol 69(4):404–410

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Behzadi P, Behzadi E editors (2017) Uropathogenic Escherichia coli: An ideal resource for DNA microarray probe designing. International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Engineering (IWBBIO 2017) Granada, Spain: Springer

  • Behzadi P, Behzadi E, Ranjbar R (2015) Urinary tract infections and Candida albicans. Cent Eur J Urol 68(1):96–101

    Google Scholar 

  • Behzadi P, Najafi A, Behzadi E, Ranjbar R (2016) Microarray long oligo probe designing for Escherichia coli: an in-silico DNA marker extraction. Cent Eur J Urol 69(1):105–111

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Behzadi P, Behzadi E, Pawlak-Adamska EA (2019) Urinary tract infections (UTIs) or genital tract infections (GTIs)? It’s the diagnostics that count. GMS Hyg Infect Control 14:1–12

    Google Scholar 

  • Farshad S, Emamghorashi F (2009) The prevalence of virulence genes of E. coli strains isolated from children with urinary tract infection. Saudi J Kidney Dis Transplant 20(4):613

    Google Scholar 

  • Hashemizadeh Z, Kalantar-Neyestanaki D, Mansouri S (2017) Correlation between hlyA and cnf1 virulent genes with antibiotic resistance and non-ESBLs Escherichia coli isolates collected from patient with urinary tract infections in Kerman, Iran. Arch Pediatr Infect Dis 5(4):e61653

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Issakhanian L, Behzadi P (2019) Antimicrobial agents and urinary tract infections. Curr Pharm Des 25(12):1409–1423

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jahandeh N, Ranjbar R, Behzadi P, Behzadi E (2015) Uropathogenic Escherichia coli virulence genes: invaluable approaches for designing DNA microarray probes. Cent Eur J Urol 68(4):452–458

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson JR, Stell AL (2000) Extended virulence genotypes of Escherichia coli strains from patients with urosepsis in relation to phylogeny and host compromise. J Infect Dis 181(1):261–272

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Köhler C-D, Dobrindt U (2011) What defines extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli? Int J Med Microbiol 301(8):642–647

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lloyd AL, Henderson TA, Vigil PD, Mobley HL (2009) Genomic islands of uropathogenic Escherichia coli contribute to virulence. J Bacteriol 191(11):3469–3481

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • López-Banda DA, Carrillo-Casas EM, Leyva-Leyva M, Orozco-Hoyuela G, Manjarrez-Hernández ÁH, Arroyo-Escalante S et al (2014) Identification of virulence factors genes in Escherichia coli isolates from women with urinary tract infection in Mexico. Biomed Res Int 2014

  • Momtaz H, Karimian A, Madani M, Dehkordi FS, Ranjbar R, Sarshar M et al (2013) Uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Iran: serogroup distributions, virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance properties. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 12(1):8

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Obata-Yasuoka M, Ba-Thein W, Tsukamoto T, Yoshikawa H, Hayashi H (2002) Vaginal Escherichia coli share common virulence factor profiles, serotypes and phylogeny with other extraintestinal E. coli. Microbiology. 148(9):2745–2752

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Paniagua-Contreras GL, Hernández-Jaimes T, Monroy-Pérez E, Vaca-Paniagua F, Díaz-Velásquez C, Uribe-García A et al (2017) Comprehensive expression analysis of pathogenicity genes in uropathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Microb Pathog 103:1–7

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ranjbar R, Tabatabaee A, Behzadi P, Kheiri R (2017a) Enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) genotyping of Escherichia coli strains isolated from different animal stool specimens. Iran J Pathol 12(1):25–34

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ranjbar R, Behzadi P, Najafi A, Roudi R (2017b) DNA microarray for rapid detection and identification of food and water borne bacteria: from dry to wet lab. Open Microbiol J 11:330–338

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shookohi M, Rashki A (2016) Prevalence of toxigenic genes in Escherichia coli isolates from hospitalized patients in Zabol, Iran. Int J Enteric Pathog 4(1):1–5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tabasi M, Karam MRA, Habibi M, Yekaninejad MS, Bouzari S (2015) Phenotypic assays to determine virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) isolates and their correlation with antibiotic resistance pattern. Osong Public Health Res Perspect 6(4):261–268

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tabasi M, Karam MRA, Habibi M, Mostafavi E, Bouzari S (2016) Genotypic characterization of virulence factors in Escherichia coli isolated from patients with acute cystitis, pyelonephritis and asymptomatic bacteriuria. J Clin Diagn Res 10(12):DC01

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  • Terlizzi ME, Gribaudo G, Maffei ME (2017) UroPathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) infections: virulence factors, bladder responses, antibiotic, and non-antibiotic antimicrobial strategies. Front Microbiol 8:1566

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tiba MR, Yano T, Leite Dda S (2008) Genotypic characterization of virulence factors in Escherichia coli strains from patients with cystitis. Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo 50(5):255–260

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Torres AG (2016) Escherichia coli in the Americas. Springer, Switzerland

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Vargová R, Kmeťová M, Čurová K, Siegfried L (2017) Virulence genes in Escherichia coli strains isolated from urine of elderly patients. Biologia. 72(3):259–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wiles TJ, Kulesus RR, Mulvey MA (2008) Origins and virulence mechanisms of uropathogenic Escherichia coli. Exp Mol Pathol 85(1):11–19

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Yun KW, Kim HY, Park HK, Kim W, Lim IS (2014) Virulence factors of uropathogenic Escherichia coli of urinary tract infections and asymptomatic bacteriuria in children. J Microbiol Immunol Infect 47(6):455–461

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao L, Chen X, Zhu X, Yang W, Dong L, Xu X et al (2009) Prevalence of virulence factors and antimicrobial resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in Jiangsu province (China). Urology. 74(3):702–707

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

We thank Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University for approving this project as the MSc thesis entitled “Detection of Virulence genes of cnf1, upaH, hlyA, ibeA and cdtB in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli.” We are obliged to Mr. Nima Mohammadzade (MSc), Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran for his sincere collaboration in this project. We also appreciate Mr. Hamid Reza Mohsenzadegan for his achievement regarding statistical analyses.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Ali Hozzari

  2. Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Fath Highway, Shahr-e-Qods, End of Shahid Kalhor Blvd, 37541-374, Tehran, Iran

    Payam Behzadi

  3. Department of Biology, College of Basic Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran

    Parisa Kerishchi Khiabani

  4. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Sholeh

  5. Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran

    Niloofar Sabokroo

Authors
  1. Ali Hozzari
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Payam Behzadi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Parisa Kerishchi Khiabani
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Mohammad Sholeh
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Niloofar Sabokroo
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Payam Behzadi.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Ethical approval

This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors (urine samples were prepared by laboratories, and we received them as anonymous samples at random; only gender and age of the patients were introduced to the authors).

Additional information

Communicated by: Agnieszka Szalewska-Palasz

Publisher’s note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Hozzari, A., Behzadi, P., Kerishchi Khiabani, P. et al. Clinical cases, drug resistance, and virulence genes profiling in Uropathogenic Escherichia coli. J Appl Genetics 61, 265–273 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-020-00542-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13353-020-00542-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation