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Colletotrichum truncatum Pathosystem on Capsicum spp: infection, colonization and defence mechanisms

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Abstract

The disease cycle of the chili (Capsicum annuum) anthracnose fungus Colletotrichum truncatum (formerly C. capsici) was elucidated from a study of infection and colonization of seed, leaves and fruit. Microscopic observations of detached leaves and fruit inoculated with a virulent pathotype (F83B), revealed direct cuticle penetration and, intramural, endophytic and necrotrophic phases of colonization. Seedling and fruit ripening stages were very susceptible to infection with the pathogen causing pre- and post-emergence damage and postharvest fruit rot. Furthermore, a quiescent stage, following leaf infection during the vegetative phase of plant growth served as a potential primary inoculum source for fruit infection. Leaf epidermal cells of the resistant C. chinense PBC932 expressed a strong hypersensitive response 48 h after infection (HAI) to both highly virulent (F83B) and less virulent (BRIP 26,974) pathotypes. Infected cells had thickened cell walls, cytoplasm aggregation, and high levels of reactive oxygen species produced 12 HAI. In contrast, the infected epidermal cells of the susceptible C. annuum cultivar Bangchang showed necrosis and rapid cell death after infection by either pathotype. Knowledge of the disease cycle of C. truncatum will be helpful in understanding the behaviour of the pathogen in chili fields which will lead to more efficient application of control measures.

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Acknowledgments

The authors wish to thank the PORES scholarship program of the University of Melbourne for partly funding this work and thank the Tropical Vegetable Research Center, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus for field experiment support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Agricultural Biology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Ruhuna, Mapalana, Kamburupitiya, 81100, Sri Lanka

    N. P. Ranathunge

  2. Department of Horticulture and Centre for Agricultural Biotechnology, Kasetsart University, Nakhon Pathom, Kamphaeng Saen, 73140, Thailand

    O. Mongkolporn

  3. Melbourne School of Land and Environment, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, 3010, Australia

    R. Ford & P. W. J. Taylor

Authors
  1. N. P. Ranathunge
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  2. O. Mongkolporn
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  3. R. Ford
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  4. P. W. J. Taylor
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Correspondence to P. W. J. Taylor.

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Ranathunge, N.P., Mongkolporn, O., Ford, R. et al. Colletotrichum truncatum Pathosystem on Capsicum spp: infection, colonization and defence mechanisms. Australasian Plant Pathol. 41, 463–473 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-012-0156-0

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13313-012-0156-0

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