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Systematic review of perioperative and oncologic outcomes of minimally-invasive surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma

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Abstract

Most surgeons have traditionally been reluctant toward minimally-invasive surgery for bile duct tumors. This study aimed to perform a systematic literature review on perioperative and oncologic results of pure laparoscopic and robotic curative-intent surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. According to the PRISMA statement, a systematic review was conducted into Pubmed, EMBASE and Cochrane. A critical appraisal of study was performed according to the Joanna Briggs Institute tools. Nineteen studies (12 on pure laparoscopy and 7 on robotics) were included: 7 case reports, 9 case series, 3 case–control (193 patients). The pooled conversion, morbidity, biliary leak and mortality rates were 5.5%, 43%, 16.4% and 4%. The weighted mean of operative time, blood loss and postoperative stay were 388 min, 446 mL and 14 days. For pure laparoscopy, the pooled R0 rate was 86%; overall survival and disease-free survival rates ranged from 85 to 100% and from 80 to 100% (median observation time 6–18 months). For robotic surgeries, the pooled R0 rate was 69% and overall survival rates ranged from 90 to 100% (median observation time 5–15 months). Case reports were overall of high quality, case series of moderate / high-quality, case–control studies ranged from low to high quality. In selected patients, minimally-invasive surgery for Klatskin tumors appears feasible, safe, satisfactory for perioperative outcomes and adequate for oncologic results. However, the results are based on few studies, limited in patient numbers and with allocation criteria more restrictive than open, reporting short follow-up and mainly with non-comparative design: evidence of higher quality is recommended.

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Funding

No funds, grants, or other support was received.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Hepatobiliary Surgery Division, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 60, 20132, Milan, Italy

    Federica Cipriani, Francesca Ratti, Guido Fiorentini & Luca Aldrighetti

  2. Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy

    Raffaella Reineke

  3. Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy

    Luca Aldrighetti

Authors
  1. Federica Cipriani
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  2. Francesca Ratti
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  3. Guido Fiorentini
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  4. Raffaella Reineke
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  5. Luca Aldrighetti
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Contributions

Conceptualization: LA. Methodology: LA, FC. Literature search: FR, GF, RR. Data analysis: FC. Manuscript drafting: FC, FR, GF. Manuscript critical revision: LA, RR.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Federica Cipriani.

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This research did not involve human participants and/or animals.

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As it is a systematic review, this research used data already published in previous publications; as such, no informed consent from participants was needed.

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Cipriani, F., Ratti, F., Fiorentini, G. et al. Systematic review of perioperative and oncologic outcomes of minimally-invasive surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Updates Surg 73, 359–377 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13304-021-01006-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13304-021-01006-6

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