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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Cadmium permeates through calcium channels and activates transcriptomic complexity in wheat roots in response to cadmium stress

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This article was retracted on 02 May 2018

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Abstract

Present study was conducted to elucidate the molecular regulation mechanisms and the critical genes involved in regulating wheat early responses to Cadmium (Cd) stress. Both ICP-AES and fluorescence labeling were used to find that the Cd2+ influx into wheat roots was significantly suppressed by pre-treatment with or in the presence of the Ca2+ channel blocker LaCl3, Verapamil and N-ethylmaleimide. RNA-seq technology was used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) during 12 h of 100 μM Cd stress. Raw reads (n = 80,309,620 were obtained. 108,549 unigenes were identified and classified into 25 COG categories. 8584 DEGs were detected. Many DEGs were involved in defense and detoxification mechanisms including signaling protein kinases, transcription factors, metal transporters and biosynthesis-related enzymes. A Gene Ontology annotation analysis based on the DEGs indicated the presence of many categories including cellular process, cell part and binding, catalytic activity and transporter activity. The Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway analysis identified 107 terms that were enriched for all of the 1018 DEGs. Quantitative real-time PCR of 27 selected DEGs revealed that the expression patterns were consistent with the transcript abundance changes as identified by Solexa analysis.

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  • 02 May 2018

    The authors are retracting this article [1] because Figs. 1A, 1E and 1F have been taken without permission from the Master’s thesis of Qiaoling Wang.

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Acknowledgements

We thank the other members of our laboratory for help in the research and for insightful remarks. This work was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (No. 31501234) and the Program of Yantai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau (SK201419). Thank the referees for helpful comments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin, 300387, People’s Republic of China

    Jieyu Yue & Xin Zhang

  2. Yantai Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau, Yantai, 300387, People’s Republic of China

    Ning Liu

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  1. Jieyu Yue
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  2. Xin Zhang
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Correspondence to Jieyu Yue.

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The authors are retracting this article because Figures 1A, 1E and 1F have been taken without permission from the Master’s thesis of Qiaoling Wang, “The mechanism of Cd stress on the physiological and cytotoxicity of onion seedlings” submitted to the College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University in April 2014. All authors agree to this retraction.

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Yue, J., Zhang, X. & Liu, N. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Cadmium permeates through calcium channels and activates transcriptomic complexity in wheat roots in response to cadmium stress. Genes Genom 39, 183–196 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13258-016-0488-1

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