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Polymer gels impregnated with gold nanoparticles implemented for measurements of radiation dose enhancement in synchrotron and conventional radiotherapy type beams

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Abstract

Normoxic type polyacrylamide gel (nPAG) dosimeters are established for dose quantification in three-dimensions for radiotherapy and hence represent an adequate dosimeter for quantification of the dose variation due to the existence of the gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in the target during irradiation. This work compared the degree of polymerisation in gel doped with nanoparticles (nPAG–AuNP) with control gel samples when irradiated by various sources. Samples were irradiated with a synchrotron radiation source of mean energy 125 keV, 80 kV X-ray beams from superficial therapy machine (SXRT), 6 MV X-rays and 6 MeV electron beams from linear accelerator. Analysis of the dose–response relation was used to determine a dose enhancement factor (DEF) of 1.76 ± 0.34 and 1.64 ± 0.44 obtained for samples irradiated with kilovoltage X-rays energy from synchrotron source and SXRT respectively. Similarly, including AuNPs in gel results in a DEF of approximately 1.37 ± 0.35 when irradiated by an electron beam and 1.14 ± 0.28 for high energy X-ray beams. The results demonstrate the use of AuNPs embedded in polymer gels for measuring the enhancement of radiation caused by metallic nanoparticles.

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Acknowledgments

The Authors would like to acknowledge the support and beam-time allocations by SPring-8 synchrotron facility, Japan and William Buckland Radiotherapy Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia for making available the superficial X-ray machine and electron accelerator for this study. Thanks to Dr. Pradip Deb for his assistance during the experiments. Funding for travelling was provided by the Australia Nuclear Science and Technology Organization (ANSTO) under the program of “Access to major research facilities programme-09”.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Medical Radiation, School of Medical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia

    Wan Nordiana Rahman & Moshi Geso

  2. School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia

    Wan Nordiana Rahman

  3. William Buckland Radiotherapy Centre, The Alfred Hospital, Prahran, VIC, 3181, Australia

    Christopher James Wong & Trevor Ackerly

  4. Japanese Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-gun, Hyogo, Japan

    Naoto Yagi

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  1. Wan Nordiana Rahman
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  2. Christopher James Wong
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  5. Moshi Geso
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Correspondence to Wan Nordiana Rahman.

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Rahman, W.N., Wong, C.J., Ackerly, T. et al. Polymer gels impregnated with gold nanoparticles implemented for measurements of radiation dose enhancement in synchrotron and conventional radiotherapy type beams. Australas Phys Eng Sci Med 35, 301–309 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-012-0157-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13246-012-0157-x

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