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Optical Coherence Tomography for Patient-specific 3D Artery Reconstruction and Evaluation of Wall Shear Stress in a Left Circumflex Coronary Artery

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Abstract

Image-based computational models for quantifying hemodynamic indices in stented coronary arteries often employ biplane angiography and intravascular ultrasound for 3D reconstruction. Recent advances in guidewire simulation algorithms and the rise of optical coherence tomography (OCT) suggest more precise coronary artery reconstruction may be possible. We developed a patient-specific method that combines the superior resolution of OCT with techniques for imaging wire pathway reconstruction adopted from graph theory. The wire pathway with minimum bending energy was determined by applying a shortest path algorithm to a graph representation of the artery based on prior studies indicating a wire adopts the straightest configuration within a tortuous vessel. Segments from OCT images are then registered orthogonal to the wire pathway using rotational orientation consistent with geometry delineated by computed tomography (CT). To demonstrate applicability, OCT segments within the stented region were combined with proximal and distal CT segments and imported into computational fluid dynamics software to quantify indices of wall shear stress (WSS). The method was applied to imaging data of a left circumflex artery with thrombus acquired immediately post-stenting and after a 6-month follow-up period. Areas of stent-induced low WSS returned to physiological levels at follow-up, but correlated with measurable neointimal thickness in OCT images. Neointimal thickness was negligible in areas of elevated WSS due to thrombus. This novel methodology capable of reconstructing a stented coronary artery may ultimately enhance our knowledge of deleterious hemodynamic indices induced by stenting after further investigation in a larger patient population.

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by a Translational Opportunity Grant of the Pilot and Collaborative Clinical and Translational Research Grants program from the Clinical and Translational Science Institute of Southeastern Wisconsin (to JFL) and a Junior Faculty Award from the American Diabetes Association (to JFL). Computational support for this work was made possible by NSF grants CTS-0521602 and OCI-0923037 and assistance from Dr. Daniel Rowe, Marquette University. Dr. Bon-Kwon Koo is the recipient of a research grant from the CardioVascular Research Foundation (CVRF), Korea.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Marquette University, 1515 West Wisconsin Ave, Milwaukee, WI, 53233, USA

    Laura M. Ellwein, Timothy J. Gundert & John F. LaDisa Jr.

  2. Stanford University, 300 Pasteur Drive H3554, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA

    Hiromasa Otake & Yasuhiro Honda

  3. Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan

    Hiromasa Otake, Toshiro Shinke & Junya Shite

  4. Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehang-ro, Chongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, Korea

    Bon-Kwon Koo

  5. Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA

    John F. LaDisa Jr.

  6. Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatrics, Children’s Hospital and the Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA

    John F. LaDisa Jr.

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  1. Laura M. Ellwein
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Ellwein, L.M., Otake, H., Gundert, T.J. et al. Optical Coherence Tomography for Patient-specific 3D Artery Reconstruction and Evaluation of Wall Shear Stress in a Left Circumflex Coronary Artery. Cardiovasc Eng Tech 2, 212–227 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13239-011-0047-5

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