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Enhancing the efficiency of wide hybridization mediated chromosome engineering for high precision crop improvement with special reference to wheat × Imperata cylindrica system

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Abstract

Traditional plant breeding has been revolutionized by the chromosome engineers during the last two decades by inventing novel approaches having far reaching implications in accelerating the crop improvement programmes with enhanced precision. Chromosome elimination- a dynamic process occurring during wide hybridization in wheat with various genera of Poaceae, has opened a new sphere in accelerating the genetic up-gradation endeavours. Since the invention of bulbosum approach, some other potential systems leading to selective chromosome elimination viz., wheat × maize and wheat × Imperata cylindrica have further enhanced the opportunities to increase the doubled haploid (DH) production efficiency in wheat. The I. cylindrica- mediated approach has emerged as an efficient alternative to the widely used maize- mediated system in terms of natural coincidence for flowering commensurate with the wheat, abundant pollen supply for longer span and developing significantly higher frequency of doubled haploids from winter and spring wheat ecotypes. The I. cylindrica- mediated system has evinced appreciable performance for the triticale × wheat derivatives where maize - mediated system remained unsuccessful. Furthermore, precision of the introgressive hybridization programmes in wheat and other crops can further be enhanced through physical mapping of the alien introgression with minimum linkage drag following novel molecular cytogenetic tools like fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), genomic in situ hybridization (GISH), multicolour FISH (McFISH) and extended DNA fiber mapping (EDF). Combination of DH breeding and molecular cytogenetics has opened new horizon for undertaking cutting edge research to enhance the efficiency and precision of wheat genetic improvement endeavours. Likewise, these novel approaches can be of immense significance for accelerating the targeted and précised improvement of other crop plants.

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Acknowledgment

The authors are highly obliged to Prof. Yasuhiko Mukai, Osaka Kyoiku University, Japan and Dr. Trude Schwarzacher, Department of Biology, University of Leicester, UK for extending their expertise in the resolution of certain results mentioned in the review article.

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  1. Molecular Cytogenetics & Tissue Culture Lab, Department of Crop Improvement, CSK HP Agricultural University, Palampur, 176062, India

    Harinder Kumar Chaudhary, Tisu Tayeng, Vineeta Kaila & Shoukat Ahmad Rather

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  1. Harinder Kumar Chaudhary
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  2. Tisu Tayeng
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  3. Vineeta Kaila
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  4. Shoukat Ahmad Rather
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Correspondence to Harinder Kumar Chaudhary.

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Chaudhary, H.K., Tayeng, T., Kaila, V. et al. Enhancing the efficiency of wide hybridization mediated chromosome engineering for high precision crop improvement with special reference to wheat × Imperata cylindrica system. Nucleus 56, 7–14 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13237-013-0077-5

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