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A multi-locus backbone tree for Pestalotiopsis, with a polyphasic characterization of 14 new species

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Abstract

Pestalotiopsis is a taxonomically confused, pathogenic and chemically creative genus requiring a critical re-examination using a multi-gene phylogeny based on ex-type and ex-epitype cultures. In this study 40 isolates of Pestalotiopsis, comprised of 28 strains collected from living and dead plant material of various host plants from China were studied by means of morphology and analysis of ITS, β–tubulin and tef1 gene sequence data. Based on molecular and morphological data we describe 14 new species (Pestalotiopsis asiatica, P. chinensis, P. chrysea, P. clavata, P. diversiseta, P. ellipsospora, P. inflexa, P. intermedia, P. linearis, P. rosea, P. saprophyta, P. umberspora, P. unicolor and P. verruculosa) and three species are epitypified (P. adusta, P. clavispora and P. foedans). Of the 10 gene regions (ACT, β-tubulin, CAL, GPDH, GS, ITS, LSU, RPB 1, SSU and tef1) utilized to resolve cryptic Pestalotiopsis species, ITS, β–tubulin and tef1 proved to be the better markers. The other gene regions were less useful due to poor success in PCR amplification and/or in their ability to resolve species boundaries. As a single gene tef1 met the requirements for an ideal candidate and functions well for species delimitation due to its better species resolution and PCR success. Although β-tubulin showed fairly good differences among species, a combination of ITS, β-tubulin and tef1 gene data gave the best resolution as compared to single gene analysis. This work provides a backbone tree for 22 ex-type/epitypified species of Pestalotiopsis and can be used in future studies of the genus.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Thailand Research Fund (grant: BRG5280002); The National Research Council of Thailand (grant for Pestalotiopsis No: 55201020008); Mae Fah Luang University (grant for Pestalotiopsis No: 55101020004); The National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant: 30930005); the Knowledge Innovation Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (grant: KSCX2-YW-Z-0935); Mushroom Research Foundation, Chiang Mai, Thailand; State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China and the King Saud University for supporting this research. We kindly acknowledge Novozymes, CGMCC and ICMP for providing cultures and BPI, CUP and NY herbaria for providing type materials for this study.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Ekachai Chukeatirote & Kevin D. Hyde

  2. School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, 57100, Thailand

    Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Ekachai Chukeatirote & Kevin D. Hyde

  3. State Key Laboratory of Mycology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, People’s Republic of China

    Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura, Liang-Dong Guo, Lei Cai & Xiang Sun

  4. Novozymes China, 14 Xin Xi Lu, Shangdi Zone, , Haidian District, Beijing, 100086, People’s Republic of China

    Wen Ping Wu

  5. CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 85167, 3508 AD, Utrecht, The Netherlands

    Pedro W. Crous

  6. Department of Botany, Goa University, Panaji, Goa, 403 206, India

    D. Jayarama Bhat

  7. Landcare Research, Private Bag, 92170, Auckland, New Zealand

    Eric H. C. McKenzie

  8. College of Science, Botany and Microbiology Department, King Saud University, P.O. Box: 2455, Riyadh, 1145, Saudi Arabia

    Ali H. Bahkali

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  1. Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura
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Correspondence to Liang-Dong Guo or Kevin D. Hyde.

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Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N., Guo, LD., Cai, L. et al. A multi-locus backbone tree for Pestalotiopsis, with a polyphasic characterization of 14 new species. Fungal Diversity 56, 95–129 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13225-012-0198-1

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