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Pea p68, a DEAD-box helicase, enhances salt tolerance in marker-free transgenic plants of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]

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Abstract

Protein p68 is a prototype constituent of DEAD-box protein family, which is involved in RNA metabolism, induced during abiotic stress conditions. In order to address the salinity stress faced by economically important soybean crop, we have transformed soybean cv. PUSA 9712 via direct organogenesis with marker free construct of p68 gene by Agrobacterium-mediated genetic transformation. The putative transgenic plants were screened by Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), Dot blot analysis and Southern blot hybridization. Reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) and Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) established that the p68 gene expressed in three out of five southern positive (T1) plants. The transformed (T1) soybean plants survived irrigation upto 200 mM of NaCl whereas the non-transformed (NT) plants could not survive even 150 mM NaCl. The transgenic soybean (T1) plants showed a higher accumulation of chlorophyll, proline, CAT, APX, SOD, RWC, DHAR and MDHAR than the NT plants under salinity stress conditions. The transformed (T1) soybean plants also retained a higher net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance and CO2 assimilation as compared to NT plants. Further analysis revealed that (T1) soybean plants accumulated higher K+ and lower Na+ levels than NT plants. Yield performance of transformed soybean plants was estimated in the transgenic green house under salinity stress conditions. The transformed (T1) soybean plants expressing the p68 gene were morphologically similar to non-transformed plants and produced 22–24 soybean pods/plant containing 8–9 g (dry weight) of seeds at 200 mM NaCl concentration. The present investigation evidenced the role of the p68 gene against salinity, by enhancing the tolerance towards salinity stress in soybean plants.

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Abbreviations

NaCl:

Sodium chloride

CaMV 35S:

Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S promoter

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

Catalase

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

DHAR:

Dehydroascorbate reductase

MDHAR:

Monodehydroascorbate reductase

MDA:

Malondialdehyde

RWC:

Relative water content

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Acknowledgements

Jawaharlal Nehru Scholarship (Ref no: SU-1/88/2016-17/79) for doctoral studies awarded by Jawaharlal Nehru Memorial Fund, New Delhi, India is thankfully acknowledged by the first author (Sivabalan Karthik).

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  1. Department of Biotechnology, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, 620 024, India

    Sivabalan Karthik, Andy Ganapathi & Markandan Manickavasagam

  2. Plant Molecular Biology Group, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110 067, India

    Narendra Tuteja

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  1. Sivabalan Karthik
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13205_2018_1553_MOESM1_ESM.docx

Supplementary Fig. 1 Schematic representation of binary vector pCAMBIA1300 with pea p68 gene (marker free construct). (DOCX 325 KB)

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Karthik, S., Tuteja, N., Ganapathi, A. et al. Pea p68, a DEAD-box helicase, enhances salt tolerance in marker-free transgenic plants of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. 3 Biotech 9, 10 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13205-018-1553-z

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