Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Increasing Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening in Rural and Border Texas with Friend to Friend Plus Patient Navigation

  • Published:
Journal of Cancer Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The Friend to Friend plus Patient Navigation Program (FTF+PN) aims to build an effective, sustainable infrastructure to increase breast and cervical screening rates for underserved women in rural Texas. The objective of this paper is to identify factors that (1) distinguish participants who chose patient navigation (PN) services from those who did not (non-PN) and (2) were associated with receiving a mammogram or Papanicolaou (Pap) test. This prospective study analyzed data collected from 2689 FTF+PN participants aged 18–99 years from March 1, 2012 to February 28, 2015 who self-identified as African American (AA), Latina, and non-Hispanic white (NHW). Women who were younger, AA or Latina, had less than some college education, attended a FTF+PN event because of the cost of screening or were told they needed a screening, and who reported a barrier to screening had higher odds of being a PN participant. Women who were PN participants and had more contacts with program staff had greater odds of receiving a mammogram and a Pap compared with their reference groups. Latina English-speaking women had lower odds of receiving a mammogram and a Pap compared with NHW women and Latina Spanish-speaking women had higher odds of receiving a Pap test compared with NHW women. Women with greater need chose PN services, and PN participants had higher odds of getting a screening compared with women who did not choose PN services. These results demonstrate the success of PN in screening women in rural Texas but also that racial/ethnic disparities in screening remain.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Allen JD, Perez JE, Tom L, Leyva B, Diaz D, Idali Torres M (2014) A pilot test of a church-based intervention to promote multiple cancer-screening behaviors among Latinas. J Cancer Educ 29(1):136–143. doi:10.1007/s13187-013-0560-3

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  2. American Cancer Society (2013) Breast cancer: early detection. http://www.cancer.org/acs/groups/cid/documents/webcontent/003165-pdf.pdf. Accessed Sept 20 2013

  3. Ashing-Giwa KT, Gonzalez P, Lim JW, Chung C, Paz B, Somlo G, Wakabayashi MT (2010) Diagnostic and therapeutic delays among a multiethnic sample of breast and cervical cancer survivors. Cancer 116(13):3195–3204. doi:10.1002/cncr.25060

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Borrayo EA, Thomas JJ, Lawsin C (2004) Cervical cancer screening among Latinas: the importance of referral and participation in parallel cancer screening behaviors. Women Health 39(2):13–29. doi:10.1300/J013v39n02_02

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Carter-Pokras O, Zambrana R, Yankelvich G, Estrada M, Castillo-Salgado C, Ortega A (2008) Health status of Mexican-origin persons: do proxy measures of acculturation advance our understanding of health disparities? J Immigr Minor Health 10(6):475–488. doi:10.1007/s10903-008-9146-2

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2013) National breast and cervical cancer early detection program (NBCCEDP). http://www.cdc.gov/cancer/nbccedp/about.htm#1. Accessed Sept 20 2013

  7. Chowdhury R, David N, Bogale A, Nandy S, Habtemariam T, Tameru B (2016) Assessing the key attributes of low utilization of mammography screening and breast-self exam among African-American women. J Cancer 7(5):532–537. doi:10.7150/jca.12963

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Davis T, Rademaker A, Bennett C, Wolf M, Carias E, Reynolds C, Liu D, Arnold C (2014) Improving mammography screening among the medically underserved. J Gen Intern Med 29(4):628–635. doi:10.1007/s11606-013-2743-3

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Doescher MP, Jackson JE (2009) Trends in cervical and breast cancer screening practices among women in rural and urban areas of the United States. J Public Health Manag Pract 15(3):200–209. doi:10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181a117da

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Emery JD, Shaw K, Williams B, Mazza D, Fallon-Ferguson J, Varlow M, Trevena LJ (2014) The role of primary care in early detection and follow-up of cancer. Nat Rev Clin Oncol 11(1):38–48. doi:10.1038/nrclinonc.2013.212

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Engelman KK, Cupertino AP, Daley CM, Long T, Cully A, Mayo MS, Ellerbeck EF, Geana MV, Greiner A (2011) Engaging diverse underserved communities to bridge the mammography divide. BMC Public Health 11:47. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-11-47

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  12. Farooqi B, Smith B, Chowdhary M, Pavoni S, Modi A, Schnell F (2015) Racial disparities in breast cancer diagnosis in Central Georgia in the United States. J Community Support Oncol 13(12):436–441. doi:10.12788/jcso.0179

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Freeman HP (2012) The origin, evolution, and principles of patient navigation. Cancer Epidemiol Biomark Prev 21(10):1614–1617. doi:10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-12-0982

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Levy AR, Bruen BK, Ku L (2012) Health care reform and women’s insurance coverage for breast and cervical cancer screening. Prev Chronic Dis 9:E159. doi:10.5888/pcd9.120069

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  15. McAlister AL, Perry CL, Parcel GS (2008) How individuals, environments, and health behaviors interact: social cognitive theory. In: Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K (eds) Health behavior and health education. Jossey-Bass, San Francisco, CA, pp. 169–188

    Google Scholar 

  16. Mills S, Malcarne V, Fox R, Sadler GR (2014) Psychometric evaluation of the Brief Acculturation Scale for Hispanics. Hisp J Behav Sci 36(2):164–174. doi:10.1177/0739986314526697

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Nuño T, Martinez ME, Harris R, Garcia F (2011) A promotora-administered group education intervention to promote breast and cervical cancer screening in a rural community along the U.S.-Mexico border: a randomized controlled trial. Cancer Causes Control 22(3):367–374. doi:10.1007/s10552-010-9705-4

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. n.d. Healthy People 2010. https://www.healthypeople.gov/2010/. Accessed Mar 3 2015

  19. Primeau SW, Freund KM, Ramachandran A, Bak SM, Heeren T, Chen CA, Morton S, Battaglia TA (2014) Social service barriers delay care among women with abnormal cancer screening. J Gen Intern Med 29(1):169–175. doi:10.1007/s11606-013-2615-x

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Rao SR, Breen N, Graubard BI (2016) Trends in Black-White disparities in breast and colorectal cancer screening rates in a changing screening environment: the Peters-Belson approach using United States National Health Interview Surveys 2000-2010. Med Care 54(2):133–139. doi:10.1097/mlr.0000000000000450

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Roman L, Meghea C, Ford S, Penner L, Hamade H, Estes T, Williams KP (2014) Individual, provider, and system risk factors for breast and cervical cancer screening among underserved Black, Latina, and Arab women. J Women’s Health (Larchmt) 23(1):57–64. doi:10.1089/jwh.2013.4397

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Saslow D, Solomon D, Lawson HW, Killackey M, Kulasingam SL, Cain JM, Garcia FAR et al (2012) American Cancer Society, American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology, and American Society for Clinical Pathology screening guidelines for the prevention and early detection of cervical cancer. CA Cancer J Clin 62(3):147–172. doi:10.3322/caac.21139

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  23. Slater JS, Ha CN, Malone ME, McGovern P, Madigan SD, Finnegan JR, Casey-Paal AL, Margolis KL, Lurie N (1998) A randomized community trial to increase mammography utilization among low-income women living in public housing. Prev Med 27(6):862–870

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. U.S. Cancer Statistics Working Group (2014) United States cancer statistics: 1999–2011 incidence and mortality web-based report. http://apps.nccd.cdc.gov/uscs/. Accessed Aug 15 2014

  25. U.S. Census Bureau 2016 American fact finder. http://factfinder.census.gov/. Accessed Nov 1 2016

Download references

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the team of patient navigators, program specialists, research assistants, and women who participated in the program and its evaluation.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Austin, 1 University Station D3500, Austin, TX, 78712, USA

    Derek Falk, Catherine Cubbin, Barbara Jones & Kristen Carrillo-Kappus

  2. Texas A&M AgriLife Extension Service, The Texas A&M University System, Agriculture and Life Sciences Building, 600 John Kimbrough Boulevard, Suite 509, 7101 TAMU, College Station, TX, 77843-7101, USA

    Andrew Crocker & Carol Rice

Authors
  1. Derek Falk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Catherine Cubbin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Barbara Jones
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Kristen Carrillo-Kappus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Andrew Crocker
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Carol Rice
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Derek Falk.

Ethics declarations

Funding

This work was supported by the Doctoral Training Grant in Oncology Social Work (125672-DSW-14-115-01-SW) from the American Cancer Society and Evidence-Based Prevention Programs and Services grants (PP120099 and PP150089) from the Cancer Prevention Research Institute of Texas.

Conflict of Interest

The authors report no conflict of interest.

Electronic Supplementary Material

ESM 1

(DOCX 23 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Falk, D., Cubbin, C., Jones, B. et al. Increasing Breast and Cervical Cancer Screening in Rural and Border Texas with Friend to Friend Plus Patient Navigation. J Canc Educ 33, 798–805 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-016-1147-6

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-016-1147-6

Keywords

Search

Navigation