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Determinants of Skin Cancer Preventive Behaviors Among Rural Farmers in Iran: an Application of Protection Motivation Theory

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Abstract

Skin cancer is one of the most prevalent cancers, worldwide, which happens more among those with more sunlight exposure like farmers. The aim of this study was to explore the determinants of skin cancer preventive behaviors (SCPBs) among rural farmers using Protection Motivation Theory (PMT). In this cross-sectional study, multistage random sampling was employed to enroll 238 farmers referring to rural health houses (HH) in Chaldoran County, Iran. A valid and reliable instrument based on PMT variables was used. Significant correlations were found between all PMT variables with SCPBs (p < 0.05). Hierarchical multiple linear regressions were performed with Protection Motivation and SCPBs as outcome variables. Predictors for these two outcome variables were classified in two different blocks according to their natures. Demographic characteristics (p > 0.05) and PMT constructs (p < 0.001) explained 3 and 63.6 % of the observed variance in Protection Motivation, respectively. Also, no significant effect was found on SCPBs by demographic variables, in the first block (∆R 2 = 0.025); however, in the second block, Perceived Susceptibility (p = 0.000), Rewards (p = 0.022), Self-efficacy (p = 0.000), and Response Cost (p = 0.001) were significant predictors of SCPBs (∆R 2 = 0.432). Health care providers may consider PMT as a framework for developing educational interventions aiming at improving SCPBs among rural farmers.

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Acknowledgments

This article was supported by Student Research Committee in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, The grant number: 93-10-15.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health Education and Promotion, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran

    Towhid Babazadeh & Haidar Nadrian

  2. Department of Disease Control and Prevention, Chalderan Health Care Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

    Morteza Banayejeddi

  3. Department of Public Health, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran

    Baratali Rezapour

Authors
  1. Towhid Babazadeh
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  2. Haidar Nadrian
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  3. Morteza Banayejeddi
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  4. Baratali Rezapour
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Correspondence to Haidar Nadrian.

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Ethical approval for the study was provided by Ethics Committee of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences.

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The authors declared no conflicts of interest.

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Babazadeh, T., Nadrian, H., Banayejeddi, M. et al. Determinants of Skin Cancer Preventive Behaviors Among Rural Farmers in Iran: an Application of Protection Motivation Theory. J Canc Educ 32, 604–612 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-016-1004-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-016-1004-7

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