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Identifying interactions between river water and groundwater in the North China Plain using multiple tracers

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Abstract

Interactions between river water and groundwater have been used to help understand the movement of water and to evaluate water quality in the semi-arid area of the North China Plain (NCP). Stable isotopes, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and hydrochemistry were used to study the influence of surface water from the Xiao River on regional groundwater. Using a mass balance approach based on chloride concentrations, hydrogen and oxygen isotope ratios, the average fraction of surface water recharging to groundwater was 50–60 %. CFC results indicated that the groundwater recharge age varied from 22.5 to 39.5 years. The vertical flow velocity of groundwater was estimated at about 1.8–3.5 m year−1. Nitrate concentrations in groundwater varied from 9.42 to 156.62 mg L−1, and exceeded 50 mg L−1 in most aquifers shallower than 80 m bordering the Xiao River. The δ 15N-NO3 data indicate that the major sources of nitrogen in groundwater are human sewage and animal excreta. Because groundwater is the main source of drinking water, there should be concern about public health related to the elevated nitrate concentrations in the NCP.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Assistant Prof. Dr. Miwa Matsushima of Chiba University for δ 15N analyses and also thank Dr. Zhang Yucui of Agricultural Resources Research Center for sample collections. Especially thank reviewers and Dr. Cao yingjie for improving our manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Graduate School of Horticulture, Chiba University, Matsudo 648, Chiba, 271-8510, Japan

    Yu Dun & Changyuan Tang

  2. Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Shijiazhuang, 050021, China

    Yanjun Shen

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  1. Yu Dun
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  2. Changyuan Tang
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Correspondence to Changyuan Tang.

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Dun, Y., Tang, C. & Shen, Y. Identifying interactions between river water and groundwater in the North China Plain using multiple tracers. Environ Earth Sci 72, 99–110 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-013-2989-4

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