Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Statistical evaluation of the effect of earthquake with other related factors on landslide susceptibility: using the watershed area of Shihmen reservoir in Taiwan as a case study

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Environmental Earth Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Landslide susceptibility evaluation is one of the most important issues in watershed management. After an earthquake, the landslide susceptibility decreases functionally with increases in the distance from the epicenter. Under the same rainfall intensity, landslides are more likely to occur in an area where earthquakes occur more frequently. However, the questions of how much an earthquake should be weighted and how to evaluate the effects of an earthquake still need to be studied. To understand how earthquakes affect rainfall-triggered landslides, the horizontal peak ground acceleration (PGA) data from the Central Weather Bureau Seismic Network is used as the earthquake factor and combined with other factors to determine the weight of earthquakes in landslide susceptibility using logistic regression. The results indicate that the ability of landslide prediction is better when considering the earthquake factor. This study also proved that although there are no co-seismic landslides (after earthquakes) in the study area, the earthquake factor is still required to increase the model accuracy. PGA has been described as a usable factor. In areas with frequent earthquakes and high geological activity, when using historical data to evaluate landslide susceptibility, the earthquake factor should be taken into consideration to prevent errors.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Ayalew L, Yamagishi H (2005) The application of GIS-based logistic regression for landslide susceptibility mapping in the Kakuda-Yahiko mountains, central Japan. Geomorphology 65(1–2):15–31

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ayalew L, Yamagishi H, Ugawa N (2004) Landslide susceptibility mapping using GIS-based weighed linear combination, the case in Tsugawa area of Agano river, Niigata prefecture, Japan. Landslides 1:73–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Begueria S (2006) Changes in land cover and shallow landslide activity: a case study in the Spanish pyrenees. Geomorphology 74(1–4):196–206

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Can T, Nefeslioglu HA, Gokceoglu C, Sonmez H, Duman TY (2005) Susceptibility assessments of shallow earthflows triggered by heavy rainfall at three catchments by logistic regression analyses. Geomorphology 72(1–4):250–271. doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.05.011

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Carrara A, Merenda L (1976) Landslide inventory in northern Calabria, southern Italy. Geol Soc Am Bull 87(8):1153–1162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chang KT, Chiang SH, Hsu ML (2007) Modeling typhoon- and earthquake-induced landslides in a mountainous watershed using logistic regression. Geomorphology 89(3–4):335–347

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen SC, Wang CM (2007) Ecological assessment and integrated effective index of reservoir watershed, vol 1. Water Resources Agency, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taipei

    Google Scholar 

  • Chuang SC, Chen H, Lin GW, Lin CW, Chang CP (2009) Increase in basin sediment yield from landslides in storms following major seismic disturbance. Eng Geol 103(1–2):59–65. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.08.001

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chung CJ, Fabbri AG (1993) The representation of geoscience information for data integration. Nonrenew Resour 2(3):122–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cox DR, Snell EJ (1989) Analysis of binary data, 2nd edn. Chapman and Hall, London

    Google Scholar 

  • Cruden DM, Varnes DJ (1996) Landslides: investigation and mitigation. National Academy Press, Washington DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Dadson SJ, Hovius N, Chen H, Dade WB, Lin JC, Hsu ML, Lin CW, Horng MJ, Chen TC, Milliman J, Stark CP (2004) Earthquake-triggered increase in sediment delivery from an active mountain belt. Geology 32(8):733–736. doi:10.1130/g20639.1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dai FC, Lee CF (2001) Terrain-based mapping of landslide susceptibility using a geographical information system: a case study. Can Geotech J 38(5):911–923

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dai FC, Lee CF (2002) Landslide characteristics and, slope instability modeling using GIS, Lantau island, Hong Kong. Geomorphology 42(3–4):213–228

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Rubeis V, Tosi P, Gasparini C, Solipaca A (2005) Application of kriging technique to seismic intensity data. Bull Seismol Soc Am 95(2):540–548

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • den Eeckhaut M, Vanwalleghem T, Poesen J, Govers G, Verstraeten G, Vandekerckhove L (2006) Prediction of landslide susceptibility using rare events logistic regression: a case-study in the Flemish Ardennes (Belgium). Geomorphology 76(3–4):392–410

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Duman TY, Can T, Gokceoglu C, Nefeslioglu HA, Sonmez H (2006) Application of logistic regression for landslide susceptibility zoning of Cekmece area, Istanbul, Turkey. Environ Geol 51(2):241–256

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Einstein HH (1988) Special lecture: landslide risk assessment procedure. In: Bonnard C (ed) The fifth international symposium on landslides. AA Balkema, Lausanne, pp 1075–1090

  • Ercanoglu M, Gokceoglu C (2002) Assessment of landslide susceptibility for a landslide-prone area (north of Yenice, NW Turkey) by fuzzy approach. Environ Geol 41(6):720–730. doi:10.1007/s00254-001-0454-2

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ercanoglu M, Temiz F (2011) Application of logistic regression and fuzzy operators to landslide susceptibility assessment in Azdavay (Kastamonu, Turkey). Environm Earth Sci 1–16. doi:10.1007/s12665-011-0912-4

  • Evans SG, Guthrie RH, Roberts NJ, Bishop NF (2007) The disastrous 17 February 2006 rockslide-debris avalanche on Leyte Island, Philippines: a catastrophic landslide in tropical mountain terrain. Nat Hazard Earth Sys Sci 7(1):89–101

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gomez H, Kavzoglu T (2005) Assessment of shallow landslide susceptibility using artificial neural networks in Jabonosa River Basin, Venezuela. Eng Geol 78(1–2):11–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta RP, Joshi BC (1990) Landslide hazard zoning using the GIS approach—a case-study from the Ramganga catchment, Himalayas. Eng Geol 28(1–2):119–131

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Guzzetti F, Carrara A, Cardinali M, Reichenbach P (1999) Landslide hazard evaluation: a review of current techniques and their application in a multi-scale study, central Italy. Geomorphology 31(1–4):181–216. doi:10.1016/s0169-555x(99)00078-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hearn EL, Wilson RC (1995) Shaking intensity thresholds for rock falls and slides: evidence form 1987 Whittier Narrows and Superstition Hills earthquake strong-motion records. Bull Seismol Soc Am 85(6):1739–1757

    Google Scholar 

  • Keefer DK (1994) The importance of earthquake-induced landslides to long-term slope erosion and slope-failure hazards in seismically active regions. Geomorphology 10(1–4):265–284

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee S, Min K (2001) Statistical analysis of landslide susceptibility at Yongin, Korea. Environ Geol 40:1095–1113. doi:10.1007/s002540100310

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee S, Pradhan B (2006) Probabilistic landslide hazards and risk mapping on Penang Island, Malaysia. J Earth Syst Sci 115(6):661–672

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee S, Sambath T (2006) Landslide susceptibility mapping in the Damrei Romel area, Cambodia using frequency ratio and logistic regression models. Environ Geol 50(6):847–855

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee SW, Cheng JD, Ho CW, Chiang YC, Chen HH, Tsai KT (1990) An assessment of landslide problems and watershed management in Taiwan. In: Ziemer RR (ed) The Fiji symposium on research needs and applications to reduce erosion and sedimentation in tropical steeplands. IAHS Publication, Suva, pp 238–246

    Google Scholar 

  • Lee S, Ryu JH, Lee MJ, Won JS (2003) Use of an artificial neural network for analysis of the susceptibility to landslides at Boun, Korea. Environ Geol 44(7):820–833

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lee S, Ryu JH, Kim IS (2007) Landslide susceptibility analysis and its verification using likelihood ratio, logistic regression, and artificial neural network models: case study of Youngin, Korea. Landslides 4(4):327–338

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lin GW, Chen H, Hovius N, Horng MJ, Dadson S, Meunier P, Lines M (2008) Effects of earthquake and cyclone sequencing on landsliding and fluvial sediment transfer in a mountain catchment. Earth Surf Proc Land 33(9):1354–1373. doi:10.1002/esp.1716

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meunier P, Hovius N, Haines AJ (2007) Regional patterns of earthquake-triggered landslides and their relation to ground motion. Geophys Res Lett 34(20):L20408

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Moore ID, Grayson RB, Ladson AR (1991) Digital terrain modeling: a review of hydrological, geomorphological, and biological applications. Hydrol Process 5:3–30

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muthu K, Petrou M, Tarantino C, Blonda P (2008) Landslide possibility mapping using fuzzy approaches. IEEE Trans Geosci Remote Sens 46(4):1253–1265

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nagelkerke NJD (1991) A note on a general definition of the coefficient of determination. Biometrika 78(3):691–692

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nefeslioglu HA, Gokceoglu C, Sonmez H (2008) An assessment on the use of logistic regression and artificial neural networks with different sampling strategies for the preparation of landslide susceptibility maps. Eng Geol 97(3–4):171–191. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.01.004

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohlmacher GC, Davis JC (2003) Using multiple logistic regression and GIS technology to predict landslide hazard in northeast Kansas, USA. Eng Geol 69(3–4):331–343

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pachauri AK, Pant M (1992) Landslide hazard mapping based on geological attributes. Eng Geol 32(1–2):81–100. doi:10.1016/0013-7952(92)90020-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schenkova Z, Schenk V, Kalogeras I, Pichl R, Kottnauer P, Papatsimba C, Panopoulou G (2007) Isoseismal maps drawing by the kriging method. J Seismolog 11(1):121–129

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sidle RC (2006) Using weather and climate information for landslide prevention and mitigation. In: Ndiangui N, Sivakumar MVK (eds) International Workshop on Climate and Land Degradation, Arusha, TANZANIA. Springer, Verlag, pp 285–307

    Google Scholar 

  • Soeters R, Van Westen CJ (1996) Slope instability recognition, analysis, and zonation. Landslides, investigation and mitigation. Transportation Research Board, National Research Council, vol Special report 247, Washington, DC

  • Song RH, Hiromu D, Kazutoki A, Usio K, Sumio M (2008) Modeling the potential distribution of shallow-seated landslides using the weights of evidence method and a logistic regression model: a case study of the Sabae area, Japan. Int J Sedim Res 23(2):106–118

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swets JA (1988) Measuring the accuracy of diagnostic systems. Science 240:1285–1293

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tibaldi A, Ferrari L, Pasquare G (1995) Landslides triggered by earthquakes and their relations with faults and mountain slope geometry—an example from Ecuador. Geomorphology 11(3):215–226

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Turer D, Nefeslioglu HA, Zorlu K, Gokceoglu C (2008) Assessment of geo-environmental problems of the Zonguldak province (NW Turkey). Environ Geol 55(5):1001–1014. doi:10.1007/s00254-007-1049-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Den Eeckhaut M, Poesen J, Dewitte O, Demoulin A, De Bo H, Vanmaercke-Gottigny MC (2007) Reactivation of old landslides: lessons learned from a case-study in the Flemish Ardennes (Belgium). Soil Use Manag 23(2):200–211. doi:10.1111/j.1475-2743.2006.00079.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • van Westen CJ, Castellanos E, Kuriakose SL (2008) Spatial data for landslide susceptibility, hazard, and vulnerability assessment: an overview. Eng Geol 102(3–4):112–131. doi:10.1016/j.enggeo.2008.03.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Varnes DJ (1984) Landslide hazard zonation: a review of principle and practice. Vol natural hazards. UNESCO, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Yesilnacar E, Topal T (2005) Landslide susceptibility mapping: a comparison of logistic regression and neural networks methods in a medium scale study, Hendek region (Turkey). Eng Geol 79(3–4):251–266

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Da-an District, Taipei, 106, Taiwan

    Hung-Pin Huang

  2. Graduate Institute of Bioenvironmental Systems Engineering, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt Road, Da-an District, Taipei, 106, Taiwan

    Kai-Chun Yang & Bo-Wei Lin

Authors
  1. Hung-Pin Huang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kai-Chun Yang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Bo-Wei Lin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Kai-Chun Yang.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Huang, HP., Yang, KC. & Lin, BW. Statistical evaluation of the effect of earthquake with other related factors on landslide susceptibility: using the watershed area of Shihmen reservoir in Taiwan as a case study. Environ Earth Sci 69, 2151–2166 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-2044-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-012-2044-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation