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Changes in soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties during natural succession on abandoned farmland in the Loess Plateau

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Abstract

The re-establishment of natural species-rich heath lands on abandoned farmland is one of the main measures in soil erosion control in the Loess Plateau of China. So, it is important to understand how the vegetation and soil properties develop after land abandonment. The objective of this study was to determine how physico-chemical properties, microbial biomass, and enzyme activities changed for abandoned farmland with an age sequence of 0, 1, 5, 7, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 40 and 50 years in Zhifanggou watershed (8.27 km2), Shaanxi Province, NW China. The results of this study indicate that species succession after land abandonment in the Zhifanggou watershed on the Loess Plateau resulted in a significant improvement in soil chemical and microbiological properties. Soil organic C, total N, available N and K, soil microbial biomass C, N and P, as well as alkaline phosphatase, catalase, saccharase, and cellulase activity increased with time since plantation establishment increased. In contrast, soil bulk density, pH, and polyphenol oxidase activity decreased after farmland abandonment. Urease and α-amylase decreased until 15 years at the early phase of species succession, and then increased. However, there was no significant change in total P and available P during the restoration. Results only implied the tendency that the herbage was developing toward shrub. Although secondary succession plays an important role which improved soil properties after farmland abandonment, the values of these parameters were still much lower than native forest in 50 years. Thus, vegetation recovery after farmland abandonment in a semi-arid environment would be slow and the improvement of soil properties in the Loess Plateau is likely to require a considerably long period of time.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by The State Science and technology Support Project: CAS West Action: Experimental and Demonstration Study on Soil Conservation and Sustainable Ecosystem Rehabilitation on the Loess Plateau (KZCX2-XB2-05), 973 project: Assessment of impact on soil erosion and its indicators (2007CB407205), and the National Sciences Foundation of China Project (No. 40801094). Vegetation Configuration Optimized and Sustained Management Construction Technology on Loess Plateau (2006BAD09B03), The authors thank the members of the Ansai Research Station of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences for technical assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research Center of Soil and Water Conservation and Ecological Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Education, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Bing Wang, Guo Bin Liu & Sha Xue

  2. Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, People’s Republic of China

    Bing Wang

  3. Key Lab of Northwest Water Resources and Environment Ecology of MOE, Xi’an University of Technology, Xi’an, 710048, Shaanxi, People’s Republic of China

    Sha Xue & Bingbing Zhu

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  1. Bing Wang
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  2. Guo Bin Liu
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Correspondence to Guo Bin Liu.

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Wang, B., Liu, G.B., Xue, S. et al. Changes in soil physico-chemical and microbiological properties during natural succession on abandoned farmland in the Loess Plateau. Environ Earth Sci 62, 915–925 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-010-0577-4

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