Abstract
Purpose
The temporal bone represents a variety of pneumatization patterns with clinical significance for planning surgical procedures in this area. The purpose of the present study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of the glenoid fossa and articular eminence pneumatization and to classify the pattern of pneumatization using CBCT images.
Methods
CBCT images of 327 patients (654 temporal bones) were evaluated to determine pneumatized articular eminence prevalence and characteristics. Gender, age, laterality, type and grade of pneumatization were recorded for the left and right sides. Chi-square test was used to evaluate the relationship between pneumatized articular tubercle and gender, grade and type.
Results
PAT was identified in 251 (76.7%) patients of whom 139 (55.4%) were male and 112 (44.6%) were female with a mean age of 30.31 ± 10.32 years. Bilateral PAT occurred in 175 (69.7%) patients. Three hundred and ninety-six (93%) of areas were multilacunar, and 30 (7%) were unilacunar. Of 654 areas, 228 (34.8%) had grade 0, 299 (45.7%), grade 1, 92 (14.1%), grade 2 and 35 (5.4%), grade 3. No statistically significant correlation was found between prevalence of pneumatization, gender, type and grade.
Conclusion
The present study emphasized the need to assess PAT before surgical intervention of TMJ. CBCT provides reliable and accurate information to determine the characteristics, the exact extension of pneumatization and its relationship to the adjacent structures. The preoperative temporal bone CBCT is a crucial component of the evaluation of PAT in patients candidate for surgical intervention of TMJ.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ilguy M, Dolekoglu S, Fisekcioglu E, Ersan N, Ilguy D (2015) Evaluation of pneumatization in the articular eminence and roof of the glenoid fossa with cone-beam computed tomography. Balk Med J 32:64–68
Orhan K, Oz U, Orhan AI, Ulker AE, Delilbasi C, Akcam O (2010) Investigation of pneumatized articular eminence in orthodontic malocclusions. Orthod Craniofac Res 13:56–60
Shokri A, Noruzi-Gangachin M, Baharvand M, Mortazavi H (2013) Prevalence and characteristics of pneumatized articular tubercle: first large series in Iranian people. Imaging Sci Dent 43:283–287
Balzeau A, Grimaud-Hervé D (2006) Cranial base morphology and temporal bone pneumatization in Asian Homo erectus. J Hum Evol 51:350–359
Tyndall D, Matteson S (1985) Radiographic appearance and population distribution of the pneumatized articular eminence of the temporal bone. J Oral Maxillofac Surg 43:493–497
Bronoosh P, Shakibafard A, Mokhtare MR, Munesi RadT (2014) Temporal bone pneumatisation: a computed tomography study of pneumatized articular tubercle. Clin Radiol 69:151–156
Ladeira DB, Barbosa GL, Nascimento MC, Cruz AD, Freitas DQ, Almeida SM (2013) Prevalence and characteristics of pneumatization of the temporal bone evaluated by cone beam computed tomography. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 42:771–775
Yavuz MS, Aras MH, Gungor H, Buyukkurt MC (2009) Prevalence of the pneumatized articular eminence in the temporal bone. J Cranio-Maxillo-fac Surg 37:137–139
Demirel O, Kaya E, Üçok CÖ (2014) Evaluation of mastoid pneumatization using cone-beam computed tomography. Oral Radiol 30:92–97
Groell R, Fleischmann B (1999) The pneumatic spaces of the temporal bone: relationship to the temporomandibular joint. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 28:69–72
Han S-J, Song M, Kim J, Lee W-S, Lee H-K (2007) Classification of temporal bone pneumatization based on sigmoid sinus using computed tomography. Clin Radiol 62:1110–1118
Weinberg S (1985) Eminectomy and meniscorrhaphy for internal derangement of the TMJ. Plast Reconstr Surg 75:612
Jadhav AB, Fellows D, Hand AR, Tadinada A, Lurie AG (2014) Classification and volumetric analysis of temporal bone pneumatization using cone beam computed tomography. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 117:376–384
Orhan K, Delilbasi C, Cebeci I, Paksoy C (2005) Prevalence and variations of pneumatized articular eminence: a study from Turkey. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 99:349–354
Carter L, Haller A, Calamel A, Pfaffenbach A (1999) Zygomatic air cell defect (ZACD). Prevalence and characteristics in a dental clinic outpatient population. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 28:116–122
Miloglu O, Yilmaz A, Yildirim E, Akgul H (2014) Pneumatization of the articular eminence on cone beam computed tomography: prevalence, characteristics and a review of the literature. Dentomaxillofac Radio l40:110–114
Al-Faleh W, Ibrahim M (2005) A tomographic study of air cell pneumatization of the temporal components of the TMJ in patients with temporomadibular joint disorders. Egypt Dent J 51:1835–1842
Orhan K, Delilbasi C, Orhan A (2014) Radiographic evaluation of pneumatized articular eminence in a group of Turkish children. Dentomaxillofac Radiol 35:365–370
Zamaninaser A, Rashidipoor R, Mosavat F, Ahmadi A (2012) Prevalence of zygomatic air cell defect: panoramic radiographic study of a selected Esfehanian population. Dent Res J 9:S63
Khojastapour L, Mirbeigi S, Ezoddini F, Zeighami N (2015) Pneumatized articular eminence and assessment of its prevalence and features on panoramic radiographs. J Dent Tehran Univ Med Sci 12:235–242
Virapongse C, Sarwar M, Bhimani S, Sasaki C, Shapiro R (1985) Computed tomography of temporal bone pneumatization: 1. Normal pattern and morphology. Am J Neuroradiol 6:551–559
de Rezende Barbosa GL, Nascimento Mdo C, Ladeira DB, Bomtorim VV, da Cruz AD, Almeida SM (2014) Accuracy of digital panoramic radiography in the diagnosis of temporal bone pneumatization: a study in vivo using cone-beam-computed tomography. J Cranio-Maxillo-Fac Surg 42:477–481
Tyndall DA, Matteson SR (1987) The zygomatic air cell defect (ZACD) on panoramic radiographs. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol 64:373–376
Hofmann T, Friedrich R, Wedl J, Schmelzle R (2001) Pneumatization of the zygomatic arch on pantomography. Mund- Kiefer-und Gesichtschirurgie MKG 5:173–179
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
All authors declare that they had no conflict of interest.
Animal and Human Rights
This article does not contain any studies with human participants or animals performed by any of the authors.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Khojastepour, L., Paknahad, M., Abdalipur, V. et al. Prevalence and Characteristics of Articular Eminence Pneumatization: A Cone-Beam Computed Tomographic Study. J. Maxillofac. Oral Surg. 17, 339–344 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-017-1033-8
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12663-017-1033-8