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Stress, Sport und Beschwerdewahrnehmung

Puffereffekte von Sport und körperlicher Aktivität?

Stress, physical activity and health complaints

Buffering effects of physical activity and activities of daily living?

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Zusammenfassung

Sport und körperlicher Aktivität werden aufgrund ihres gesundheitlichen Nutzens protektive Wirkungen in Bezug auf gesundheitliche Folgen von Stress zugeschrieben. Die stresspuffernde Wirkung konnte bisher jedoch nicht eindeutig nachgewiesen werden – die Befunde sind inkonsistent. Der folgende Beitrag überprüft Puffereffekte von Sport und körperlicher Aktivität bei verschiedenen Arten von physischen und psychischen Beschwerden. Hierzu wurden in einer Studie 453 Personen (M = 53,56 Jahre; SD = 11,31) zu chronischem Stress (Perceived Stress Scale), gesundheitlichen Beschwerden (Gießener Beschwerdebogen) sowie ihrem subjektiven Aktivitätsverhalten (Energieverbrauch durch sportliche Aktivitäten – z. B. Fußball, Joggen; Energieverbrauch durch körperliche Aktivität – tägliche Geh- und Radstrecke) befragt. Bei nahezu allen Beschwerdearten zeigt sich eine Pufferwirkung von Sport, nicht jedoch von körperlicher Aktivität. Sport wirkt bei Personen, die viel Stress erleben, beschwerdereduzierend. Eine differenzierte Betrachtung des Aktivitätsverhaltens, des Stresserlebens sowie der Art der Beschwerden könnte zu detaillierteren Befunden beitragen.

Abstract

Sport and physical activity are attributed with a positive influence on stress induced complaints due to their overall positive effect on health. The buffering effect on stress has not yet been clearly shown and the findings are inhomogeneous. The following article examines the buffering effect of sport and physical activity on different types of psychological and physical complaints. Therefore, a study was conducted questioning 453 people (M = 53.56 years; SD = 11.31) about chronic stress (Perceived Stress Scale), physical complaints (Gießener Beschwerdebogen) and their subjective physical activities (Energy consumption through physical activity – e.g. Soccer or Jogging) and energy consumption – daily bike and walking activity). A buffering effect on nearly all types of complaints could be shown through physical activity, but not through lifestyle activities. Physical activity acts complaint reducing on people suffering from increased stress. A more differentiated examination of the physical activity behaviour, the stress perception and the type of complaints might contribute to clearer findings.

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  1. KIT Karlsruhe – Institut für Sport und Sportwissenschaft, Engler - Bunte Ring 15, 76131, Karlsruhe, Deutschland

    Miriam Reiner MA, Christina Niermann & Fabian Krapf

  2. Karlsruher Institut für Technologie, Karlsruhe, Deutschland

    Alexander Woll

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  1. Miriam Reiner MA
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  2. Christina Niermann
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  3. Fabian Krapf
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  4. Alexander Woll
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Correspondence to Miriam Reiner MA.

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Reiner, M., Niermann, C., Krapf, F. et al. Stress, Sport und Beschwerdewahrnehmung. Sportwiss 43, 264–275 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12662-013-0294-8

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