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Rice Husk-Derived Mesoporous Silica as a Promising Platform for Chemotherapeutic Drug Delivery

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Abstract

Rice husks (RH) are a known agricultural residue due to their abundance of silicon, that can be extracted for the production of materials with added high-value. Although part of RH can be converted into useful products, most of it is incinerated generating a large amount of toxic compounds, being of particular importance to find economically and environmentally viable alternatives to promote the full use of RH. In this study, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) were synthesized, considering the green chemistry principles, using sodium silicate extracted from RH as a silica source. The capacity of MSNs for loading and release the doxorubicin (DOX) chemotherapeutic drug was evaluated, in order to assess their use in drug delivery systems (DDS). MSNs exhibited attractive textural properties and colloidal stability, that contributed to a high encapsulation efficiency of DOX and to a release rate of about 40% in both simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) and simulated gastric fluid (SGF). The in vitro cytotoxicity assays assured that our eco-friendly MSNs are not cytotoxic for healthy fibroblast cells, whilst MSNs-DOX killed about 70% of colorectal cancerous cells (Caco-2) after 72 h, demonstrating that MSNs produced from RH may have a valuable application in the pharmaceutical area as a promising platform for cancer therapy.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to the Department of Physics/UEM, to COMCAP/UEM for providing some equipment used in this work, to CAPES and CNPq (Process no. 405381/2016-6) for financial support, and to Professor Dr. Elza Kimura from Department of Pharmacy of ‘’Universidade Estadual de Maringá’’ for her cooperation with cell viability tests.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Química, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, Zona Sete, Maringá, PR, 87020-900, Brazil

    Jéssica de Lara Andrade, Cezar Augusto Moreira, Angélica Gonçalves Oliveira, Camila Fabiano de Freitas, Ana Adelina Winkler Hechenleitner, Edgardo Alfonso Gómez Pineda & Daniela Martins Fernandes de Oliveira

  2. Molecular & Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK

    Maiara Camotti Montanha

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  1. Jéssica de Lara Andrade
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  2. Cezar Augusto Moreira
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Contributions

JLA: conceptualization, methodology, software, data curation, writing—original draft, visualization; CAM: methodology, software, formal analysis, data curation; AGO: methodology, software, investigation; CFF:methodology, software, formal analysis, data curation; MCM: methodology, validation, formal analysis, data curation; AAWH: methodology, software, data curation, supervision; EAGP: methodology, software, data curation,  supervision; DMFO: conceptualization, resources, writing—review & editing, supervision, project administration.

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Andrade, J.d., Moreira, C.A., Oliveira, A.G. et al. Rice Husk-Derived Mesoporous Silica as a Promising Platform for Chemotherapeutic Drug Delivery. Waste Biomass Valor 13, 241–254 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-021-01520-z

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