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Mitigation of CO2, CH4 and N2O from Acidic Clayey Soil Amended with Fertilizer Pellets Based on Alkaline Organic Residues

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Abstract

Alkaline organic residues, such as wood ash (WA), deinking paper sludge (DPS), and mixed paper sludge (MPS) could have a significant potential for mitigating greenhouse gases (GHG) when they are used for land application. The DPS was mixed and then granulated with MPS, WA and/or composted DPS to form pellets. A 56-d incubation study was carried out to investigate the effect of alkaline organic residue pellets on: (1) the biological and chemical properties of acidic clayey soil; (2) on carbon dioxide (CO2), on methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O) soil emissions. The experimental design included eight different treatments: unfertilized control (Control), fertilized control with mineral nitrogen (controlF), and six pelleted alkaline organic residue amendments (T1–T6) combined with mineral nitrogen fertilizer. The six amendments were: (T1) 100% DPS; (T2) 100% composted [50% poultry manure and 50% T1]; (T3) 50%WA + 50% T1; (T4) 50% WA + 50% T2; (T5) 50%T2 + 30%WA + 20% MPS; (T6) 50% T1 + 30%WA + 20% MPS. The results showed that alkaline residues significantly increased soil pH, the concentration of water-extractable organic carbon, and water-extractable nitrogen. Alkaline treatments had a positive effect on soil microbial activity. The highest mitigation efficiency of cumulative CO2 was obtained with T4, which released 10% less CO2 than other treatments. No significant effect on cumulative CH4 emissions was observed. Total cumulative N2O emissions were reduced by 37% with T5. Our study also showed that organic pellets based on alkaline residues improved the soil properties and can play a role in the mitigation of GHG in acidic clayey soil. Therefore, the co-application of alkaline organic residue pellets with chemical fertilizer might be considered as a sustainable approach in agriculture.

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Abbreviations

DPS:

Deinking paper sludge

MPS:

Mixed paper sludge

WA:

Wood ash

FDA:

Fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis

GHG:

Greenhouse gas

WEOC:

Water-extractable organic carbon

WEN:

Water-extractable nitrogen

NP:

Neutralizing power

CCE:

Carbonate equivalent

OA:

Organic amendment

PD:

Pellets density

fr PZ:

Gleyed Humo-Ferric Podzol

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Normand Bertrand, Bernard Gagnon, Sylvie Côté and Claude Lévesque from Quebec City Research and Development Center Agriculture and Agri-food Canada (AAC) for their technical support and constructive discussions. We thank Sameh Hannachi from the Centre Technique de l'Industrie du Bois et de l'Ameublement (CETIBA), Tunisia for funds acquisition, Tunisie Ouate for logistics and materials support and Gilles Villeneuve from Université du Québec en Abitibi Témiscamingue (UQAT) for technical assistance.

Funding

The authors acknowledge the financial support received from the Canada Research Chair Program (Grant No. 557752), MITACS (Grant Nos. IT11796, IT08227), CETIBA, Tunisie Ouate, CRIBIQ (Grant No. 2015-029-C18), and the Ministry of Industry of Tunisia, the University of Carthage, Tunisia, and Agriculture Agri-food Canada (Quebec City).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut de recherche sur les forêts, Université du Québec en Abitibi-Témiscamingue, 445 Boulevard de l’Université, Rouyn-Noranda, QC, J9X 5E4, Canada

    Emna Marouani, Besma Bouslimi & Ahmed Koubaa

  2. Laboratoire des Sciences Horticoles, Institut National Agronomique de Tunisie (INAT), 43 Charles Nicolle Avenue, 1082, Tunis, Tunisia

    Emna Marouani & Naïma Kolsi Benzina

  3. Quebec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 2560 boulevard Hochelaga, Quebec, QC, G1V 2J3, Canada

    Noura Ziadi & Vicky Lévesque

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  1. Emna Marouani
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  2. Noura Ziadi
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  4. Naïma Kolsi Benzina
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Correspondence to Ahmed Koubaa.

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Appendix

Appendix

See Tables 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.

Table 4 Trace element content of alkaline organic residue pellets (n = 4) in comparison with the limits of Bureau de normalisation du Québec (BNQ); BNQ 0419–090 and 0419–200, which cover liming residues and composts; (T1) 100% DPS; (T2) 100% composted [50% poultry manure (PM) and 50% T1]; (T3) 50%WA + 50% T1; (T4) 50% WA + 50% T2; (T5) 50%T2 + 30%WA + 20% MPS; (T6) 50% T1 + 30%WA + 20% MPS
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Table 5 Effect of alkaline organic residue pellets (n = 4) on macronutrients, micronutrients and heavy metals at 28 and 56 days in a clayey acidic soil expressed in mg/Kg
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Table 6 Effect of alkaline organic residue pellets (n = 4) on pH, N–NO3, exchangeable N–NH4, C/N ratio, WEOC, WEN, FDA hydrolysis, P and K at 28 and 56 days of incubation
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Table 7 Pearson correlation coefficients between soil properties and total cumulative GHG emissions at day 56 of incubation total cumulative GHG emissions
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Table 8 Granulation parameters
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Marouani, E., Ziadi, N., Lévesque, V. et al. Mitigation of CO2, CH4 and N2O from Acidic Clayey Soil Amended with Fertilizer Pellets Based on Alkaline Organic Residues. Waste Biomass Valor 12, 3813–3827 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-020-01276-y

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