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Preparation of Square-Shaped Starch Nanocrystals/Polylactic Acid Based Bio-nanocomposites: Morphological, Structural, Thermal and Rheological Properties

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Abstract

The development of low-cost bio-nanocomposites based on square-shaped starch nanocrystals (SNCs) is a promising approach for maintaining environmental sustainability. This study reports on a method for the preparation of bio-nanocomposites from polylactic acid (PLA) and SNC derived from acid hydrolysis of waxy maize starch. PLA–SNC bio-nanocomposites were prepared by incorporating SNC at 1, 3 and 5 wt% by dispersing them in PLA matrix using dichloromethane as a solvent. Morphological, thermal, crystalline and rheological properties of neat PLA, neat SNC and PLA–SNC bio-nanocomposites have been investigated to observe the effect of SNC loading. SNC loading at 3 wt% was found to be the optimum loading to improve the storage modulus, complex dynamic viscosity, and crystallinity, while 5 wt% loading caused agglomerations which led to a decrease in the above properties. Thermogravimetric analysis result suggested that both the SNC and PLA–SNC bio-nanocomposites were thermally stable from 25 to 240 °C. Electron microscopy study showed the effective dispersion of SNC in PLA.

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  1. Department of Chemical Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC, 3001, Australia

    Pooja Takkalkar, Mahalaxmi Ganapathi, Chaitali Dekiwadia, Sabzoi Nizamuddin, Gregory Griffin & Nhol Kao

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Takkalkar, P., Ganapathi, M., Dekiwadia, C. et al. Preparation of Square-Shaped Starch Nanocrystals/Polylactic Acid Based Bio-nanocomposites: Morphological, Structural, Thermal and Rheological Properties. Waste Biomass Valor 10, 3197–3211 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12649-018-0372-0

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